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On episode 3 of the Founders Forward Podcast we welcome Jeff Kahn, the CEO and Founder of Rise Science. Rise is the only app that unlocks the real-world benefits of better sleep. Jeff has 10 years of sleep science experience and research. Before starting Rise Science Jeff spent time publishing academic articles and supporting world class athletes and teams with better sleep. There is no doubt about it that Jeff knows about sleep. About Jeff Being a founder is difficult. Mix in 2020 as a whole and the stress and anxiety of being a founder can be overbearing. Jeff shared his story of going from sleep science student to founding a sleep app. He discusses how sleep can be an easy way to improve your overall well being (and leaves us with plenty of sleep takeaways). The conversation does not stop there — Jeff also has plenty of tidbits about his life of a founder and how he leads and stays productive. Mike Preuss, CEO of Visible, had the opportunity to sit down and chat with Jeff. You can give the full episode a listen below (or in any of your favorite podcast apps). What You Can Expect to Learn From Jeff The 100 year history of sleep science (in 5 minutes) Simple takeaways to improve your sleep How sleep impacts your leadership skills How you can leverage circadian rhythms to do better work How managing sleep (and sleep debt) can improve your overall well being How Jeff categories his day to be most efficient How iteration and measurement improved a key activation metric 10x for Rise Related Resources Rise Science — Check out and download the application. Toggl — Application that Jeff uses to categorize and prioritize his day. Traction — Book from the founder of DuckDuckGo mentioned by Jeff. How Superhuman Built an Engine to Find Product/Market Fit — Rahul Vohra, Founder of Superhuman, explains how they found product market fit. We created the Founders Forward Podcast to learn from people like Jeff. For founders looking to improve their overall health and leadership skills, Jeff has you covered. As you scale your business, having the right guides at your side can make all of the difference. Each episode we’ll talk to fellow founders, investors and experts. We’ll dive into their zone of genius as well as hear about their past mistakes to give you a better chance of success. To stay up-to-date with the Founders Forward Podcast subscribe to the Visible Weekly Newsletter below:

On episode 2 of the Founders Forward Podcast we are joined by Amanda Goetz, CMO of Teal and Founder at House of Wise. Before taking the leap into her second time as a founder, Amanda was the VP of Marketing at The Knot. With her experience in branding and recent jump to starting House of Wise we couldn’t think of a better guest to chat about all things branding and founder life. About Amanda House of Wise is empowering women to take control of their sleep, sex, stress, and wealth with luxury CBD products made with real women in mind. Give Amanda a follow on Twitter to stay up to date on the House of Wise. If you’re interested in learning more about CBD and wellness, be sure to give the episode below a listen. Amanda shared her story from founder to operator back to founder, how startups can leverage part time executives, how to build a brand, and how she deals with the stress of being a founder and part-time executive, and much more. Mike Preuss, CEO of Visible, had the opportunity to sit down and chat with Amanda. You can give the full episode a listen below (or in any of your favorite podcast apps). What You Can Expect to Learn From Amanda How she went from founder to operator to part time founder/executive. How startup founders can leverage a part time executive How she structures her day and stays productive The importance of knowing your body and rhythms to be a better leader and executive How she has stayed sane with the pressures of being a founder How she raised capital for House of Wise Related Resources Amanda’s Twitter House of Wise TealHQ We created the Founders Forward Podcast to learn from people like Amanda. For founders that are taking the dive or seasoned founders alike, Amanda has plenty of powerful takeaways. As you scale your business, having the right guides at your side can make all of the difference. Each episode we’ll talk to fellow founders, investors and experts. We’ll dive into their zone of genius as well as hear about their past mistakes to give you a better chance of success. To stay up-to-date with the Founders Forward Podcast subscribe to the Visible Weekly Newsletter below:

On episode 1 of the Founders Forward podcast, we are joined by Lindsay Tjepkema, Founder and CEO of Casted. Casted is the first and only podcasting platform built for B2B companies. Being our very first episode of the Founders Forward we could not think of a better guest than Lindsay. If there is one thing we know about Lindsay — it is that she knows podcasting. About Lindsay Lindsay shared all sorts of interesting tidbits for founders and startups looking to explore podcast and new media types. We had the chance to dive into her life as a founder as well — we chat board meetings, fundraising, leadership, and more. Mike Preuss, CEO of Visible, had the pleasure of interviewing Lindsay for our very first episode. The full episode is below (and transcript further down). You can also listen on any of your favorite podcast apps. What You Can Expect to Learn from Lindsay Why invest in a podcast at your company? How to measure podcast success, find the right guest, and create great content. Leverage podcasting for board meetings and product launches. How Lindsay approached fundraising and why she actually liked it. How to set boundaries and balance with work. The importance of conversation and connection. Some related content Lindsay’s Twitter Casted We created the Founders Forward Podcast to learn from people like Lindsay. For the founders out there debating a podcast (or alternative media type), Lindsay is a great guide to lean on and listen to. As you scale your business, having the right guides at your side can make all of the difference. Each episode we’ll talk to fellow founders, investors and experts. We’ll dive into their zone of genius as well as hear about their past mistakes to give you a better chance of success. Podcast Transcript Learn more about our favorite podcasting tips here, or give the full episode a read below. Mike: Welcome everyone to season one, episode one of the Founders Forward podcast. Today I’m joined by the founder and CEO of Casted, Lindsay Tjepkema. And I thought this was just super fitting because this is our foray into podcasting, and we need someone to guide us through the treacherous waters. Maybe not treacherous, but the world of podcasts. And this is what Lindsay and Casted do for a living. Lindsay, you probably do a better job of explaining Casted than I can. I’m gonna turn it over you, but essentially, from what I understand, you are like the only branded podcast experience there is on the web right now. Lindsay: Yeah. Thank you so much for having me. It is such an honor to be your first guest. Basically, you’re right. I mean, what I do for a living is podcasts about podcasts. So I am here for it. Casted in a nutshell, you got it just about right. We are the first and right now the only podcast solution around B2B podcasting. It’s a content marketing platform that enables content marketing teams for B2B brands to use their podcasts, to really fuel their sales and marketing strategies as a whole. Mike: I love it. When did you start this business? When did you start Casted? Lindsay: My day one was April 29th, 2019. So as we record this, we’re, you know, about a year and a half into it. Why invest in a podcast? Mike: I love it. And so podcasting has clearly exploded. It feels like there’s a podcast for just about every single topic. Visible, we’re a team of 10, we’re small, I’m the founder of the company. We’ve known each other for a couple of years now, but you mentioned like everyone should have our podcasts. Like why should I care and have a podcast for Visible what’s your take on it? Lindsay: Right. Well, I have a couple of answers on that. Podcasts do something that no other form of content can, you know, everyone that’s listening to this podcast right now, your very first episode, is connecting with you and with me and with both of our brands in a way that all of the other great content that we’re producing just. I told you this, I think first time we met, I love the content that you guys put out there because as a founder of a company, I’m looking for that information that you’re providing about how to work with my board and when to be thinking about different stages of the process and how to be approaching new things that I as a founder haven’t run into before. So you all are creating really, really exceptional content. But, this content that your audience is consuming right now helps them to connect and build a relationship and trust. And really that human to human level that no other content does. So to me, that should be the basis of every single content strategy is how can we capture the insights of experts in whatever topic or area of interest that we have? Capture their insights, capture their unique perspectives and use that as a show to create real human level connections with our audience and then spin more content out from that across other channels. Finding Podcast Listeners Mike: That was an amazing answer. And so one of the things that I’m trying to wrap my head around though as a founder is back in 2010, it was all about content, content, content, and particularly blogs building my SEO strategy. To me, this kind of feels the same, right? Everyone knows it’s a strategy or playbook you should probably be running but there’s a ton of options out there. How, how do I get people to listen to the founders forward? I can create it but it doesn’t mean they will come. So how do I get people to listen to this podcast? Lindsay: Right. Well, I mean, it’s just like any other form of content or any other approach to anything marketing related is I always say first, think about who’s it for. Who’s my audience? Who are they? What are they interested in? What do they want to know? And then why am I doing it? Who’s it for and why am I doing it? What are the goals that you have for the show? What are you trying to achieve? Are you trying to build relationships? Are you trying to help people dive deeper? What’s your why? Because without those two pieces of information, you’re going to one, try to appeal to everyone, which when you try to please everyone you end up mildly entertaining at best. Then if you don’t know why you’re doing it, it’s really hard to measure success. So, then to answer your specific question around, like how do I get people to listen, if you can really hone in on who’s it for that’s when you can provide those unique insights and dig deep. With the guests that you have in your show in areas that your audience would probably want to ask them questions on too, you can ask different questions than other podcasts or other content providers would not get into and really get into unique, original content that will be all the more engaging for your audience. So that’s how you create the good content. But then what you do with it from there is what, one of the reasons that Casted exists. It’s something that I see so often is people leaving behind, so much value because they publish their show and then they go on to the next thing, which yes, sometimes it’s the next episode, but then quite often as the 8 billion other things on your to-do list, which as founders we know is there’s a lot. But if you’re going to put the effort into capturing an interview. Definitely, definitely take another beat and take the time to bring it out. So publish the show and then think, okay, what’s the related content I could pull from this? What are the clips that I could pull to share on social media? What areas could I dive into to create some supplemental written blog content? is there a white paper here? Is there a way to equip my sales team? Give them the insights and the perspectives and the quotes and the quips that I captured in this interview. Because then you’ll be reaching people across other channels and giving them the opportunity to dig in across different formats to really engage in what you’re saying. Defining Podcast Success Mike: Yeah, that makes so much sense. So knowing that let’s say we have this beautiful, why, which I think we do. We know it’s founders, right? And we want to get close to founders and starting a startup is hard and it’s a journey and so we want to find experts to help our community of founders with a problem they’re facing. I think we have a way to measure that and we plan on investing in this podcast, right? We’ve found someone to do some editing for us. We have an awesome intro song ready to go. We have eight people lined up for the first season. How long should we give it? Is there a way we know like we should pivot this? Or maybe this isn’t the right strategy for us? Is there a timeframe? Is it a gut feeling? Is it a metric? Lindsay: Yeah, definitely give it time. Quite often we see in the space in general, across all of marketing, all of podcasting, people will, we’ll give it a few episodes and then say, “Oh, you know, it’s not where I want it to be,” whatever that means, and give up and kind of throw in the towel and say, “well, that didn’t work.” Give it a couple of seasons. Really watch it. See what kind of feedback you get. And keyword there being seasons. I do really like to advise people to look at it one season at a time, not necessarily one show at a time. Start with your first season. You said you have like eight, let’s go with that. So do the first eight, take a minute, take a pause and then come back in and dive into another topic that’s within, you know, this Founder’s Forward area of interest. Or find a different subset of guests that you could have on or toy with the length or format of the show and do little minor tweaks based on the kind of feedback that you get. That will help with success. You will impact the lives in some way of some group that’s listening. And so listen to what they have to say. And if you give yourself chunks to do one season at a time that gives yourself the opportunity to take a pause to maybe not quite pivot but to make those changes without it feeling really jarring to your audience, right? You can make those little changes and they’ll grow to expect those tweaks along the way. Measuring Podcast Success Mike: Okay. And how do you guys measure your success? Is it top of the funnel for you or is it bottom? How is Casted measuring the success of Casted? Lindsay: Good question. Actually in a lot of ways. And I think that’s, something that anyone that gets into podcasting should also think about. There is no one metric it’s certainly not, you know, some magical number of downloads. If that was the case, then we would all be trying to achieve that number and then be like, “Oh, there we go.” Success is going to fuel revenue. Now, it’s a little different for everybody, but that’s why, again, while you have to know who’s it for and why are you doing it so that you can look at all the indicators that contribute to, “am I getting to my why?” So for us, we look at overall listenership. Is a show growing? Do we have new listeners coming all the time? And do we have returning listeners? Did they listen before? And do they keep coming back? Are they listening to the whole show or most of it? We also pull clips from the shows, like how successful are those clips? Or the things that we’re sharing on social media, leading to people to come and listen to the show, and then engagement? That’s all show level and that’s fine and good, but you know, if I’m a marketer, that’s not enough. Like what else? Right. Are people going through? And from my episode page, are they engaging in the other content that we have? Are they going on and reading the related blog posts? Are they clicking into the information that we’ve shared along with that episode? Because that indicates engagement and that really indicates somebody who’s really interested in learning more about who we are, what we do, what we’re sharing as far as our content is concerned. We also have different integrations. We have a Drift bot that allows us to actually engage with our listeners while they’re listening. As long as they’re on our show page, we can recommend other related content, see if there’s any questions that we can answer. So it’s that kind of real-time engagement that helps us to understand how we’re doing. And then also through our integration with HubSpot. Just beyond like metrics and how many, but actually who? Did Mike come and listen to our show? Yes, he did. He listened to 97% of the show. And then, you know what somebody else from Visible listened too, even just like any other activity that you can see in your CRM really helps to fuel. One, are we successful? Two, what can we do now? Think about the big picture Mike: That’s why I love what Casted is doing and why we’re starting the Founders Forward podcast. It feels like it kind of lifts and elevates everything we’re doing across all of our different experiences on our site. From a concept we’re writing to how we engage with people that are on a trial. It feels like for me, downloads is really not a metric. I care about it’s going to be like, how do we create really unique and differentiating nuggets of wisdom from people that we can use from the podcast and in different parts of our marketing site. Am I thinking about that the right way? Lindsay: I was literally going to say, “you’re thinking about that exactly the right way.” Because there is no one size fits all downloads are one indicator and if that’s all you have, cool. Are they going up? But when you have the opportunity to look at the bigger picture, and especially those of us who are founders, you have the opportunity to lead from the top. Even if the top is just a couple of people to say, “We’re going to look at this show as a big picture thing. We’re not going to look at any one metric and decide whether it’s succeeding or failing. We’re going to say, okay, what kind of anecdotal feedback are we getting? When we do talk to someone and they say, Oh yeah, I listened to your podcast.” What does that conversation turn into? Are they a little bit more engaged with, is there a little bit more trust there? That’s an indicator of success. And then also, what else are we doing? Are we more effective and efficient as a team? Because we have this starter content that we’re pulling more out of and we’re able to do more with less, which again, as a founder is something that we’re looking to do all the time. So, yeah. It’s you gotta think big picture, you got to think, from these conversations, think about it less as I’m recording a podcast episode and more as I’m recording a conversation that I’m going to make a podcast out of it, but I’m also going to do a lot of other things too. Distributing Your Podcast Mike: Yeah, for me, it’s like a forcing function for me not to be lazy. It’s like, okay, I have an hour with Lindsay today. We’re going to record this. And then there’s a ton of other things that are going to happen, because of that forcing function of us having an hour to sit down and chat with one another. Lindsay: Okay. Mike: Okay. And last thing, as it relates to our journey, as we launch this podcast is there like one thing or gotcha that you think we’re going to run into? Lindsay: Yeah, I hate to sound like a broken record but kind of what we just talked about. I think a lot of people think all I need to do is just, you know, hit record and that’s my show. Well, it’s not that simple. it’s also not that hard, right? So you just, you find great people that your audience wants to hear from. You interview them it turned into a show, but it is a lot of work, there’s time involved. There is a lot of effort, which is kind of what we just talked about. All the more reason to make sure you’re getting a lot of value out of every single interview you do. How are you making sure you’re just wringing it out and that you are not just for a moment but ongoing, constantly coming back and saying, “what else can I do with this show? What else can I do with this interview?” I think that’s honestly, the biggest thing is looking for immediate success with minimal effort. And I also don’t want to make it seem like it’s really hard because if you do look at it holistically, like everything we were just talking about, what else can you get out of every show? Every time I record a podcast it’s on top of my blog on top of my social media strategy. On top of all these other things, it doesn’t have to be that way. It’s what if you just think about your podcast first and all of those other things that are on your to-do list flow from it. So it’s going back to the exact question you asked is what is a mistake that we see quite often. I think the flip side of that is where do we see the greatest success it’s with the companies that think about their podcast and in those interviews first as fuel for everything else and how they can, as a result, be more efficient, be more effective, be a little bit more lazy and saying, okay, everything’s going to feel out of this one resource of content, which is going to make everyone’s lives easier. Finding Your Guests Mike: Okay. Now you mentioned something in there that does not in the outline I sent you and put you on the spot. so you mentioned great guests. Is there any truth to like the guests list, like, should I shoot high? Should I try to get Mark Zuckerberg on the podcast because that kind of anchors my future guest list versus, having my brother, Matt, who’s in the background right now as our production Lindsay: He’s like what kids? What’s wrong with me? Mike: I could do that cause he’s my brother. Let’s talk about guests. Is there any truth to that? How do you recommend, I think about the guest list for the podcast? I’m sure some of it’s the why and why we’re doing it, but is there truth to like trying to aim high and get like a list type person right away? Lindsay: Absolutely. Which is why I’m here. I’m just kidding. I would say yes, but also no. So yes, in that when you have, you know, you said Mark Zuckerberg find if you got him, if you got Oprah to come on your show, would that spike your listenership? Of course, because it’s a big name. If you can get Oprah on your show and get her to Tweet, like, Hey, just did a great recording with Mike and Visible, check out their new show. What would you have a spike in listenership? Sure. But what if your audience doesn’t want to listen to Oprah? Right. I always say go find a great expert, capture their perspective. So on and so forth expert does not necessarily mean famous influencer in this space. It could, sure. I was actually just talking to someone yesterday, who was just asking for podcast advice and stuff and not a great fit for Casted, but has had the most ridiculously amazing people on their show because that’s what makes sense for them. Find the experts for your audience But that’s not what expert always means. If your audience needs to hear about what it’s like to be new to the career force and just graduated from school and what it’s like to be a newcomer to the career world. They’re going to want to listen to people who just finished their first two or three years of school, which, you know, many of us would not think of as experts by the definition of famous people. So again, it’s all about who is your audience and what are, who are the experts you’d want to hear from? They could be interns, they could be engineers, they could be product leaders, or CMOs, or your customers. Your customers are really great guests, your partners. It comes in all shapes and sizes, which again is why it’s so, so, so important to know who it’s for and why you’re doing it. Because if Oprah did come along to a show where she was not going to be a great fit, you’d have to say no, probably say, how else can we use Oprah because she’s amazing. Maybe we spin up another show, but yeah. You know what I mean? The other danger of having just quote unquote, the expected experts is that you’re going to get the same exact interview that everyone else has done with the name your person and it really is a mix because yes, it could be the big names because they’re big names for a reason. People like to hear from them. But don’t discount the people that haven’t really been heard from before, because they have really, really exceptional insights to your audience too. Starting an Internal Podcast Mike: Great to know. And so we’re going to shift gears just a little bit. So I got wind that you had a board meeting this week so one, How did it go? Then it sounds like you also use Casted or create a podcast for your board. How does that work? Podcast for Board Meetings Lindsay: Yeah. Board meeting went great, thanks for asking. Part of why it went so well is that we do use Casted for ourselves for an internal podcast. And I say that facetiously, but also truthfully, one thing that we do is, you have founders listening, so I’m sure that they can relate. When you have your board you send pre reads ahead of your meeting, right? So you send your agenda and all the things you’re going to vote on and things you’re going to talk about and things that, you know, all of the data that you want them to ingest before you spend a couple hours with them. So we were no exception. I put that together as well. But then along with that, I send a podcast that is myself and anyone else is going to be in the meeting. This time around, it was myself, my two co-founders and our marketing director, talking through, “Hey board, this is what we’re going to go through.” Q3 was really great for all these reasons. Pass it on over to the revenue update. Here’s what we’re going to go through. And here’s some of the highs and lows from revenue this month. And it’s nice because our board gets to hear literally from us, our voices talking about how things are going and what to expect. And then the feedback I’ve gotten has been this is really great because literally I’m gonna drop the name of Scott Dorsey, he is on my board. He’s fantastic. He’s like I was preparing for the meeting and he was like, “I got up and walked around and could have your voice in my ears while I was making my lunch.” It gives them more flexibility. All of our board members are really busy but we want them to engage in what we’re providing them. Mike: Do you go off the cuff or is there a script you’re sticking to you when you’re doing that board reading? Lindsay: For those, we all script it out because it’s pretty specific to the information that we want to share in that. In each of our one little clips it ends up being like a 15 minute episode when you put all of our different voices together. I think otherwise, as you can tell I’m a little bit long-winded I think it would very quickly turn into a 40 minute episode. Mike: I love that idea, especially since board members are busy. So if they’re traveling or walking around and they can pop you in and listen it’s almost like an earnings call for a startup really in a way, where like it’s you or your executive team talking to the board. Podcasts for Team and Customers So that’s cool. And then do you use it internally as well for team communication? Not just your investors and your board, but are you doing like an internal podcast for the team? Lindsay: Well, we do. It’s actually not me though. At least not yet. When we get bigger it might be. One of my co-founders, Adam Padrino, who heads up the product side of the business. Every time we have a release he does a release notes podcast. And if I’m not mistaken, I think that started out as like an internal podcast that we actually ended up changing to be for our customers and more public facing as well. But that started out to be like, Hey, this is the release. This is what’s happening. The related resources were a little video clips about what it looked like and how it worked. And the show notes were more information about the release and it was him literally talking through what the release is and how it changes things and where it fits in. Mike: So cool. That’d be like, if you wrote an investor update for every single one of our customers every time we changed the product. But yeah, I love that. That’s cool. Lindsay: Well, and if you go back to just to tie it all together it sounds funny, but it’s true — it’s a way to be a little bit more lazy. Or you could say more effective or more efficient is that if Adam, our head of product goes through and talks about why we built this, how it works, what it is, the rest of our team can then speak more eloquently about it can pull content you can write about, it can create the webpage update about it, it enables everyone else to do their job so much easier because they already heard straight from the product leaders from the founder’s mouth. Our Founders Forward Questions Mike: I love it. Okay. This is the part of the episode where we shift gears and focus you, Lindsay, the founder. I know you had a marketing agency. Is this your first startup though? Where you’ve raised money? Lindsay: Yeah. I did my own thing. I consulted on my own for awhile but this is my first foray into founder life. Mike: Do you find board meetings? Stressful? I always stress myself out before the board meeting. Lindsay: You know,I’ve only had a few. Stressful? There’s good stress and there’s bad stress. So I think it’s definitely a forcing function to get everything together, which I think is good. I don’t get nervous, stressful. Like I actually really, really love that time with my board because they’re your biggest cheerleaders and also your biggest challenges to make sure that they’re cheering for you, which is why sometimes the redirection or identification of blind spots is hard to hear. We all want this to succeed. But I don’t know, stressful feels like a strong word.It’s a lot of work, but then I always try to not make it a lot of work because there’s so much other stuff to do, so. Mike: I’m assuming you did this one virtual, given COVID, was this your first one virtual or have you been doing the remote since you started? Lindsay: Actually we’ve never had one in person. Heah, because we got started right when I think my first board meeting first official board meeting was March 18th. The Fundraising Journey Mike: Okay. Awesome. And earlier this year, I think at least publicly announced you guys raise some capital in February. one, congratulations. I know it’s hard to do. What was that journey like? Any takeaways? For our audience that are just getting started, maybe pre-seed type company seed founders. What was that journey like for you as a first time founder and anything you’re like, Oh man, that was like a mistake I made or I love that I did that? And that really worked well? Lindsay: Sure. I’m trying to figure out how to sum it all up. It’s interesting because right when you find your stride, it’s all over. Like then you find your stride because you bring in the money and everything before that, it’s like, “well, was that good? Did I Bumble it? I don’t know.” I guess we’ll find out, you know, if they invest or not. I enjoyed it. There’s nothing better than being able to talk to person, after person, after person about your company. This entire thing that you’re building. That’s a great feeling and it’s exhilarating and it’s exciting to be able to share your passion with somebody else and actually to invite them to be a part of it. Like that’s really cool and that’s very fun. That’s also the hardest part because it’s your baby. And when you share something with so many people, and you get so many nos, that’s hard. I mean, that is the hard part, but and in all, I think that if you, if you maintain that stature of this is my thing, I’m really, really proud of it and I am so convicted that what I believe is going to happen is going to happen, share that passion and that you really, really, truly are. You’re not asking for money, you’re inviting someone to be a part of it. And I think that if you keep that stature, it’s felt by the other party. And even if it’s a no, if you can come away, having allowed them to see that passion and that fire that you have for what you’re building, that will only do good things for the company long-term. Mike: Did you treat it as a numbers game? Did you talk to a lot of investors or did you take a more pointed approach? Lindsay: Hmm. Somewhere in the middle. Definitely talked to a lot of people and even those that I didn’t feel like we’re going to be a great fit. One thing that happens once the word gets out that you’re raising money, all kinds of entities, all kinds of different funds, pop up, which is great. And I looked at it as practice. Like no matter what,it’s always good to know more people. It’s always good to get in front of more people. You never know what’s gonna come to fruition. You never know who they’re going to know. So that said, I did not say yes to every single outreach. I was also very careful about what I shared. But every at-bat is practice. And so I talked to a lot of people, probably a total of gosh, 75 pitches or so if that’s the number that’s out there, and a lot of them, it was just, it was really great. Practice if nothing else. And then there were the ones that were like, okay, this one is what I’ve been practicing for. I think this one is a great fit. I really liked them to come in. I’d really like them to think really, really highly of me. And therefore, all of the other practices, all the other at bats, come to a head for that, you know, hope for a home run. Mike: Yeah. Okay. So 75 it’s a lot. I think a lot of people underestimate the amount of time it takes to raise capital. And I think we also probably underestimate how many conversations we need to have. 75 is probably the median, if not like on the low side, maybe for a seed round. We’re going to try to figure that out as we continue to talk to guests, but okay. So this is your baby, you have been doing this since April, 2019. It’s stressful. Right? I’ve been, I’ve been doing this now for six years. How do you stay sane as a founder? Like how do you unplug in, is it a TV working out family time? How do you separate work and starting a company? What do you like to do to keep yourself sane? How do you separate work and starting a company? What do you like to do to keep yourself sane? Lindsay: it’s interesting. You didn’t say the words, but people talk a lot about work-life balance, or you know, how do you unplug or how do you turn off work? It’s just that, I don’t ever take off. Like I have three kids I don’t ever take off my mom hat. I’m never like, well, I’m not your mom right now. I lean in and I lean back. I love my kids. I love Casted. I love everything. That is a huge part of my life. It is there for a reason. So the goal is not to turn it on and turn it off, it’s to set up boundaries along the way so that it all fits and so that you can be everything all the time. And so that means that I have to put up healthy barriers with work. We’re fully remote right now, who knows how much longer we will be. I can’t work all the time. I shouldn’t all the time be like, “Nope, I’m going to skip dinner.” I’m just going to eat dinner in my office, you know, “Hey honey, kiss the kids goodnight for me.” Like it has to be a constant daily decision to lean in and lean back on every part of life so that you have energy for everything.So that tomorrow I sit down at my desk strong, healthy, ready to go and I close up the day at the end of the day and go kiss my kids strong, healthy, and ready to go. And so it’s boundaries and balance. And then yeah, taking care of myself, I try to get good sleep. Some nights are better than others. I spend time with the kids. I’m a health nut. So I think that actually physically taking care of yourself is super, super, super important. What you put into your body and how you take care of comes back to you when you ask it to work hard for you. How have you stayed healthy during COVID? Mike: Health nut. What have you done in COVID? Has it been a diet? Has it been working out? What tips or tricks do you have? Lindsay: I try to work out every day, even if it’s like, “Oh, today was crazy. I’m just going to do a five minute quick workout, or go for a walk.” But yeah I try to work out, as much as I can and then just being healthy. Like if you fuel your body with quarantine treats all the time, you’re gonna feel it and you’re going to be sluggish the next day and that pitch isn’t going to go as well. I eat really healthy and I drink a lot of water. Just all the typical things, eat healthy, get sleep. workout, drink a lot of water. There is a Michael Polen, I think quote that’s like eat food, not too much. Mostly plants. Like just do that and you’ll feel better. Mike: I knew you were coming on. I needed to have higher energy today for our first podcast ever. So I only ate sweet potatoes yesterday. Lindsay: Just sweet potatoes. Little worried about you. When do you feel like you’re not working? Mike: Just boiled chicken and sweet potatoes and super clean. Okay. Last few questions, three questions, that were planning on asking everyone that joins the podcast. We’re huge fans of the zone of genius and that’s defined as, when do you feel like you’re not working? So I guess for you it is every day at Casted or when you are in like your flow state, where you’re like, I’m not even working? Lindsay: So it’s going to sound super duper cliche, but it’s doing this it’s I’m doing podcasts or speaking. That is the most fun thing is just having conversations about the things that I’m passionate about, which are exactly what we’ve been talking about is, you know, podcasting and content marketing and leadership and starting a company. That is flow. Before we know what the conversation’s over and time is up and it’s onto the next thing. Then I think the next layer out of that onion is learning. I think that’s one of the coolest things about being a founder, is all of the things you get to do for the first time, which is also a lot, but I mean, you’re just constantly learning. If your brain was getting wiped out tomorrow, what’s one thing you would write down tonight? Mike: Okay, next question. This one comes from Max Yoder. Max is great. And I sent him some questions and he said, well, the one I like, so I’m giving credit to this. So we’ll see how this goes. Lindsay: Okay. Mike: If your brain was getting wiped out tomorrow, what’s one thing you would write down tonight? Lindsay: Yeah. I’m trying to decide whether to be like leader Lindsay, Mom Lindsay You could be super facetious and be like, well, there’s lots of things written down already. I mean, you know, something about my kids and my family to make sure that was still intact. That’s the most important thing. Things that I would write down, actually it’s funny cause it’s Megan Brazina’s chocolate chip cookie recipe and she actually works at Lessonly with Max Yoder cause it’s the best chocolate chip cookie recipe on the planet. But as far as like, you know, Leader Lindsay. Let’s like, let’s bring it back home to this audience and what we’ve been talking about, just the importance of connection and conversation. I’m an introvert which surprises some people since I’m very chatty. So it’s really easy for me to retract to my own cave and just go heads down and do the things. But something that I’ve been working on over the last couple of years, particularly through quarantine, is to stay connected with other people. It actually is something that I need a reminder about because it’s so natural for me to just be on my own, but then I’m not okay. I’m a better leader, I’m a better founder, I’m a better partner, I’m a better mom, a better all the things when I invest in my community. The people that are around me to challenge me and help me grow and to love on me and to support me. So I’d write that down. Cause that’s something that I should probably write down anyway is to remind myself, like go connect with other people. Don’t try to do this alone. Who is someone you’d like to give thanks to? Mike: Okay. I love that. And our final question before we wrap this one, I think is going to be interesting to you in terms of what people say. On Monday morning, Visible has been fully remote since we started and on our all hands, we go around and talk about priorities for the week, but then more importantly, someone gets thanks to a team member for something that they did for them the week before. Is there anyone you want to give thanks to right now that maybe you haven’t thanked before or someone that just really helped you out over the past year and a half since you started? Lindsay: So many people. So like my answer that I just said is about community and how we’re stronger together. So, so many people. I think, you know, again, especially given this show and who you’re speaking to founders, I’m going to thank my co-founders. I know that’s two people, but I’m going to take it anyway. Adam Padrino, Zachary Ballenger, just full sto. They’ve been amazing. We’ve been an incredible team. We have grown together as humans and we’ve grown this business and together done some really, really incredible things, both business-wise and culture within our team and hired some incredible people and got to work with some fantastic customers and create this incredible product. I mean, it wouldn’t be what it is today without them. We wouldn’t be going where I know we’re going to go if it wasn’t together. So there you go. They’re going to squirm cause they hate attention. Mike: One mistake I’ve made is that I don’t have a co-founder. So that’s one thing I will certainly change in the next go around is I wish I had that. That’s a whole nother episode Lindsay: We could talk for a long time. Mike: I can just talk to myself about it. It’ll be an internal monologue with myself. Well, Lindsay, I can’t thank you enough for one taking your time out of your busy day and then to really being our guide, for the Founders Forward podcast as we get this going. So thanks so much for joining us. How do you think we did for episode one? Lindsay: I am so excited that you’re doing this show. Obviously I’m biased because everybody on the show knows by now that I’m super biased about podcasts, but you all are doing such amazing content. This is going to be a really, really incredible show. And I’m so honored to be a part of Mike: Thanks so much. All right, everyone, we’ll see you for episode two. The Founders Forward is Produced by Visible Our platforms helps thousands of founders update investors, track key metrics, and raise capital. Try Visible free for 14 days.

What is a 409a valuation? Most founders aspire to take their companies public. Until that dream is achieved (or another is realized), it can be a bit tricky to understand the value of a startup along the way. Public companies value are set by the market. Private companies, however, depend on independent appraisals and private valuation.That is where a 409a valuation comes in. A 409a valuation is a critical term and concept founders need to know. A 409a valuation is the fair market value (FMV) of a private company’s common stock. This FMV is determined by an independent appraisal. Common stock is the stock that has been reserved for founders and employees. A 409a valuation determines the cost to purchase a share. What are the benefits of a 409a valuation? A 409a valuation is critical if you want to offer equity to your employees. While startups are getting up and running, matching benefits of large, established public companies can be difficult. A great option to offer new employees (and attract top talent) is to offer equity in the business. Offering stock options that will vest (or become accessible or earned) after a period of time promises high earning potential and promotes loyalty and employee investment in the vision and growth of the company. A 409a valuation is needed in order to accurately offer this benefit to your team. In addition to providing attractive stock options for your employees and attracting top talent to your business, another benefit of a 409a valuation is that understanding and keeping this valuation up to date can help attract new investors and help a founder intelligently grow their business. We will cover when you should get this valuation done (and how often) but the insight provided by the valuation can be another metric to showcase success to investors and board members, especially if a startup is not cash-flow positive or growing revenue yet. Having a clear understanding of how much your business is worth by continuing to seek out an updated 409a valuation is critical for founders as they grow their business and get to the critical point of taking the company public or selling it for a profit. When is a 409a valuation required? To start, it’s important to highlight how long a 409a valuation stays valid. A 409a valuation is only valid for up to 12 months after its issuing date. The only exception to this timeline is if a material event occurs prior to the 12 month timeline. Material Events Material events are pivotal situations or changes to the business that would dramatically shift the valuation. Some examples of “material events” include: Financing such as convertible debt, sale of common shares, or preferred equity. Qualified financing is probably the most common material event startups will encounter. Acquisitions – if your startup chooses to buy another company this would qualify as a material event and significantly alter the 409a valuation. Divestment – selling off part of the business or any of the major assets of the business would shift the valuation. A secondary sale of common stock would, though less common, would also be a material event same as an initial sale of common shares. Any major exceeding or missing of financial projections for the business (annually or quarterly) can be significant enough to be considered a material event and trigger the need for a new valuation. Major business model shifts are also sometimes considered a material event. If, as a founder, you are ever unclear on what constitutes a material event, always consult a 409a valuation firm to be sure. Technically speaking, a 409a valuation is required every 12 months or whenever a material event occurs. Beyond these requirements, there are critical times in the startup lifecycle where 409a is very much needed in order to continue growing and building your business in a smart, successful way. Related Resource: A User-Friendly Guide on Convertible Debt In order to receive a 409a valuation, you should be prepared to provide the following information to your independent assessor: Company overview including executives names and an overview of your startup’s industry A certificate of incorporation / corporate charter The most recent cap table A board presentation and recent pitch deck especially if you just completed a round of funding Historicals and 3-year profit and loss, cash balance, and any debt projections – essentially a complete financial picture Estimate of your hiring plan and options estimate you expect to issue over the next 12 months, the typical period that the 409a valuations are valid for. A list of publicly traded companies that are comparable to yours. Any info about expected timelines relating to IPOs, acquisitions, or mergers Any other significant events that have happened since you last had a 409a valuation created. When do I need a 409a valuation for my startup? Beyond the technical requirements of every 12 months and when a material event occurs, there are other circumstances where it is highly recommended that you get a new 309a valuation. Though not necessarily “required” these instances are critical to your success as a startup and as a founder because this new valuation will equip you with the most up-to-date information on the worth of your startup and provide another data point for growth. Other instances where you need a 409a valuation outside of material events and the 12-month mark are: Before issuing common stock for the first time As stated, stock for your co-founders and employees can be a huge perk to offer in order to attract top talent and retain hard-working employees who will stay loyal and push the company forward. When common stock is available, all employees have a stake in the success of the business and want to push the company growth forward because they want to vest their stock when the company is on the verge of going public or getting acquired in order to walk away profitable from that common stock. That being said, you need an initial 409a valuation to even have the opportunity to offer this stock to employees at all. After raising a new round of venture financing Raising a round of venture funding is extremely monumental for your business. Weather your startup is raising an initial seed round of just a few million or a 40M + round 3-4 years in, that type of capital injected into the business is extremely significant. While a pre-money and post-money valuation will also be in play, it’s important to reassess your 409a valuation after this type of significant funding, too. After raising a new round of venture financing it is necessary to get a new 409a valuation because the new cash injection in the business will significantly change the speed at which you are able to scale. You will most likely be hiring more and offering more common stock so an updated valuation is crucial to do this accurately and intelligently. If you are taking on a lot of new venture financing over a short amount of time, it is still recommended that you get a new 409a valuation after every round, even if that is close to your 12 year expiration of an existing 409a valuation or another material event. This is because venture funding is typically such a high-value injection for your company and there will be a new breakdown of ownership with the new investors at the table. As you approach the “end” of your startup with an IPO, Merger, or Acquisition If your company is on track to go public, or have an initial public offering (IPO) on the stock exchange, it is critical to get a final 409a valuation. A 409a valuation is only in existence when you have common stock and are a private company. So as you approach the time where your company is going to IPO and be publicly available for trade, those common stocks worth will convert at the public valuation. With that in mind, as your company approaches IPO, a new 409a valuation is necessary one final time. This final 409a valuation is going to be a factor in what the startup IPO’s at. That initial public offering will be influenced by your 409a valuation (among many other things). Its best to ensure your public offering is influenced by as many factors as you can control before the market takes hold of it. Having an accurate 409a valuation leading up to IPO sets up all your common stockholders for success by having the most realistic and up-to-date picture laid out. The same goes for approaching a merger with another company in your company’s space or selling the company to be acquired by a larger company. Both instances can lead to a big payout for your common stockholders. However, in both cases, good due diligence on the part of the acquiring company leadership or leadership at the merging company should be to ask for a recent 409a valuation. It is necessary to invest in a new 409a valuation leading up to this major “end” event for your startup. An acquisition or merger will most likely change the primary owner of the business and shake up the valuation of the common stock. In some cases, if your private startup is acquired by a public company, your common stock will be absorbed by the public stock of the buying company. That being said, an updated 409a valuation is important to influence the market value of the stock that your employee’s common stock will be converting to. Let’s note, however, that this is dependent of course on the way the merger or acquisition deal is structured and if stock is at play for the existing startup employees. How do 409a valuations work? We’ve laid out when a founder should seek a 409a valuation for their startup, but now let’s dive deep into how a 409a valuation actually works. A 409a valuation is calculated by an independent appraiser with no affiliation to the startup at hand. This is done to ensure the valuation is fair and based on a defensible methodology. An independent appraiser will approach a 409a valuation with one of three main methodologies. The three methodologies that might be used include: Market Approach A market approach is a methodology where the independent appraiser will look at comparable companies in the public market in order to reach the private 409a valuation. The market approach uses something typically known as an OPM backsolve. An OPM Backsolve is a methodology where the appraiser assumes the new investors or recent investors paid fair market value for their stock options and equity. Investors typically receive preferred stock, however, so the OPM backsolve is a special application for an option-based valuation method that takes into account the market value payment to calculate the preferred options into common stock options. Asset Approach The Asset Approach is typically the best approach for new startups that are pre-revenue and also have not raised any outside money. It is a very simple approach that consists of simply calculating a company’s net asset value and that number determines the proper valuation. These valuations are typically straightforward because it’s too early and there aren’t enough defining financial changes (positive or negative) to affect the valuation. Income Approach An income approach is a bit more straightforward than the Market Approach and basically the easy option for a company at the opposite end of the startup spectrum that would be using the asset approach. This is an approach that is typically used by independent appraisers when the startup receiving a new 409a valuation has a high amount of revenue and a positive cash flow. Using the income approach, a fair market value is determined by looking at a companies total earnings, or assets, and subtracting any outstanding liabilities or debts. Again, this approach is typically going to be the most effective and beneficial to a startup when they are in a positive earning position with high revenue. Typically if these 409a appraisal methodologies are done within a 12-month valuation and done within these methodologies in the correct way as deemed by the IRS, they may be eligible for safe harbors to ensure extra security for that valuation. These are just extra protection for your business as long as the valuation isn’t extremely unreasonable. To review, an asset approach is typically used at a startup’s inception and pre-revenue / pre-funding. An income approach is used to find a valuation when a company has high revenue and cash-positive. A market approach is used at every step in between asset and income stages or when there are more factors at play with investors or recent finding where an income approach is too simple. Independent appraisers may use any of these methodologies to find a 409a valuation so let’s dive into how much a 409a valuation costs. How much does a 409a valuation cost? Typically the cost of a 409a valuation can vary depending on the different aspects of a startups business and how complicated the valuation is going to be. The cost of a 409a valuation will also depend on how it is offered by your provider. Some providers offer it as a standalone service while others bundle it with other financial offerings which can alter the price. The average cost of a typical 409a valuation will range from $1,000 to $10,000. The effects on cost include size of the startup and complexity of the company. Complexities could include significant material events, fundraising, cash position, investors involved, and timeline of the startups path to IPO. An independent firm offering a valuation may offer a valuation with a flat rate of $1,000 but increase by $500+ as the state of the business becomes more complex / for each additional 409a valuation requested. Now that we’ve talked through what is needed to created a 409a valuation and the typical cost range of a 409a, lets outline who can help with a 409a valuation. Who can help with my 409a valuation? 409a valuations can be provided by a variety of financial sources. They can be provided by independent financial firms and banks. Tax firms are also a key resource and provider that can give you a 409a valuation. If you believe your 409a valuation will be especially complicated, a tax firm may be your best bet to ensure all IRS requirements are fulfilled and any safe harbors that can be are taken. 409a valuations can also be calculated by software companies specializing in the practice (in addition to other financial services). Pulley is a great choice for startups to calculate their initial 409A valuation because you can also issue option grants using the 409A price directly on the platform. FAQ If you missed these pertinent pieces of info in the post or simply want a refresh, here are some frequently asked questions. Is a 409a Valuation public? No, a 409a valuation is not public as it is only available to privately held companies. In order to get a fair market value appraisal, a startup must look to publicly traded companies in their space for a comparison. Is a 409a Valuation required? Technically a 409a valuation is only required if you want to offer common stock to founders and employees. Investors technically take preferred stock, however, that relies on common stock valuation too. Typically the case to NOT have a 409a valuation will be the exception not the rule. 409a valuations are strongly encouraged if not typically required based on the nature of how you will most likely be financing your startup. When does a 409 Valuation expire? A 409a valuation expiries after 12 months or when a significant material event occurs before the expiration date.

What is a pre-money valuation? In the world of startups, valuation of your startup is discussed constantly. Understanding that valuation, however, can be a bit confusing depending on where you are in your funding and startup journey. The valuation of your startup will shift significantly (as will the risks) as soon as you decide it’s the right time to take on funding. Now whether a founder or founding team decides to take on angel investors, venture capital backing, or bootstrap your business, if funding is involved a startup will have a pre-money valuation and a post-money valuation. Understanding this difference is essential startup knowledge. The definition of this type of valuation is fairly straight-forward. Pre-money valuation is what a startup is worth without external funding or prior to a round the startup is actively raising. This is the valuation given to a potential investor before a funding round to showcase what the company is currently worth. The pre-money valuation of a company will shift overtime. It will be different before initial funding vs. before a Series A for example. What is a post money valuation? On the flip-side of a pre-money valuation, a post-money valuation is what the startup is worth after that next round of intended funding takes place. This will have some significant change because the new investors receive a percent value of the company. Post-money valuations are a more set amount based on true money worth of the company. There are no potential factors within a post-money valuation. Pre-money vs post-money valuation for startups While the difference might seem clear between pre-money and post-money valuation for startups, there are a few things to keep in mind when understanding valuation in general and why these numbers really are so significantly different. Valuation, in general, is fluid. It is speculative and flexible. Valuation is completely driven by the market and opinions of various players in the game. Entrepreneurs and existing investors will want a high valuation. They believe in the idea already and want to make sure their shares aren’t diluted when new funding is taken on. New investors, however, will want to assess all risk and ensure they aren’t overpaying or overvaluing and risking their financials. They way that an investor positions their pre-money valuation can affect the post-money valuation and ultimately the founders, investors, and all current shareholders valuation. Related resource: Navigating Pro Rata Rights: Essential Insights for Startup Entrepreneurs Timing is Everything As stated, pre-money valuation is set prior to the investment round while post-money valuation is a fixed valuation after the round is complete. Because of timing, post-money valuation is a lot simpler. That number will always be fixed. Although post-money valuations are simpler, pre-money is more commonly used. Pre-money valuations can flex so much because of the timing and number of factors in place that could affect the valuation in any given scenario. Pre-money valuations are affected by employee share open plan expansion, debt-to equity conversions, pro-rata participation rights, and of course the value and market opportunity seen by current stakeholders and founders. To break down some of these terms: ESOP (employee share open plan) are the plans given to employees of the company to vest as shareholders. Debt-to-equity conversion is any potential situation where debt taken on by the startup is promised to be paid back by a value amount of stock. Pro-rata participation rights are the rights (typically not contracted) to previous investors to invest in future rounds at a set level to maintain ownership rights. Timing is everything for pre-money valuation because it will affect the post-money valuation. If a startup is growing rapidly, doing really well in the market, and the potential is obvious because of demand in the market or interest from other investors, a founder may be able to get a really great pre-money valuation. If the founder is looking for funding to bail out the company or because growth is only possible with more capital, then that could affect the desirability of the startup and therefore lead to a lower pre-money valuation. Price per share or PPS is the focus. The market price per share of stock, or the “share price,” is the most recent price that a stock has traded for. It’s a function of market forces, occurring when the price a buyer is willing to pay for a stock meets the price a seller is willing to accept for a stock. A solid PPS is the goal for any company taking on funding to set themselves up for a successful IPO or acquisition at some point. This is ultimately an understanding of what an investor will pay per share for a startup. The PPS is the pre-money valuation divided by the fully diluted capitalization. The PPS and pre-money valuation are directly proportional (one goes up, the other goes up). So, the greater the pre-money valuation, the more an investor will pay for each share, but the investor will receive less shares for the same investment amount. Every startup founding team wants to make sure they are setting themselves up for a successful end game so timing their funding to line up with excellent pre-money and post-money valuations is critical. Why the differences matter The differences of pre-money and post-money valuations matter. Outside of timing, the main difference between pre-money and post-money valuation is the insight they provide to investors. A pre-money valuation provides value into the potential shares issues while post-money valuation provides a hard, clear, and fixed numeric value equating to the current value of the difference. A hypothetical, potential value pre-money leading to a set value post-money. The difference is critical for founders to understand. Why are pre-money and post-money valuations Important? Ultimately, pre-money valuation and post-money valuation matter because these valuations also have the biggest impact on determining the percentage of a company an investor is going to acquire for a given investment, as well as the percentage of the company the existing stockholders will retain. Having a deep understanding of pre-money and post-money valuations will certainly help during negotiations as well. On top of being an integral part in the dynamics of a deal it is also an easy way to portray to potential investors that you understand the mechanics of a startup and cap table. A pre-money valuation can make or break your post-money valuation. Understanding what factors go into a pre-money valuation can help a founder make an informed decision when choosing to take on new investors or not and ultimately retain a solid post-money valuation they can stay excited about. How to calculate pre-money and post-money valuations? Now that the differences and importance of pre-money valuation and post-money valuation is clear, breaking down how to actually calculate these values is the next step in building out essential startup knowledge. Calculating Pre-Money Valuations Pre-Money valuation is pre-funding so it’s important to keep that in mind when calculating this valuation out. The catch to this is to factor in the post-money valuation you want to get your company to – that is critical into calculating the pre-money valuation you are going to pitch to investors. The formula to use for this is: Pre-money valuation = Post-money valuation – investment amount Understanding what factors you have in play that will be attractive to investors and then incorporating that into your projected goal post-money valuation will lead you to understanding what investment amount to seek and how to ultimately present a pre-money valuation to investors. Calculating Post Money Valuations Getting to your post-money valuation is much simpler than calculating your pre-money valuation. The main thing to keep in mind for calculating the post-money valuation is understanding what percentage of your company the new investor will receive and ultimately understanding how that takes away the value overall. A good way to think about calculating post-money valuation is by using this formula: Post-money valuation = Investment dollar amount ÷ percent investor receives The post-money valuation will be a fixed dollar amount and does not flux in the way a pre-money valuation can be adjusted. Ultimately, it’s important to understand pre-money valuations and post-money valuations if you are ever going to be involved in a startup at any level. Employees should understand this when considering their stock options and how their company presents those to them. Founders need to understand this to intelligently grow their business and of course investors need to understand these valuations to make smart investments and walk away with high-potential earnings. Raise capital, update investors and engage your team from a single platform. Try Visible free for 14 days.

Last week our CEO, Mike Preuss, joined the Product Market Misfits podcast to discuss Mike’s lessons from building Visible and how startups can think about fundraising. We’ve shared our favorite quotes and takeaways from the podcast below. If you’d like to give the full episode a listen, you can do so here. Fundraising is like B2B Sales We think that the fundraising experience for a founder is the same as what a B2B enterprise SaaS selling motion is. So you have your prospecting and awareness of your brand at the top of the funnel. And then all the way at the bottom of the funnel, you have current investors and investor updates which I would call customer success, right? And then in the middle you have things you are putting a pipeline together and having meetings and those meetings are progressing. And, hopefully I get a couple, a term sheet or more at the end of that whole process. We often compare the traditional VC fundraising process similar to that of a B2B enterprise SaaS sales funnel. Dan asked Mike about how investor updates can be a secret weapon for a startup (as mentioned in a previous podcast episode). Mike goes on to explain how investor updates can fuel your “fundraising funnel.” Learn more about running a fundraising funnel here. Connecting the Dots for Potential Investors If I’m sending an investor update out every month and sharing a light version with potential investors, I’m staying top of mind to them. I’m showing progress along the way. You’re probably building a relationship with them through that, that mechanism. Because remember a big part of this whole kind of song and dance of fundraising is building a relationship with new investors. Speaking more tactically on the idea of using investor updates during a fundraise Mike mentions how the value of investor updates can be two sided. One one hand, you can use a light version of an investor update to “nurture” your potential investors to speed up the conversation and negotiations when the time is right to raise. Using Investor Updates During Due Diligence A lot of times in diligence, depending on the stage, investors will ask for you to send them your last 12 months of investor updates. If you don’t have it that’s a really bad sign. But done correctly that will help weave a narrative and will let the investor see think, “hey, this is how I can expect for them to engage with me after I write a check.” On the other hand, investors updates are a vital part of the due diligence process. One of the first places your new potential investors will ask about how you operate is your current investors. If you do not regularly communicate with your current investors and they are not willing to be an evangelist with new potential investors, that is generally a red flag. As Mike mentioned, new investors may simply just want a first hand look at your last 12 updates as well. To learn more about investor updates and how you can leverage them for fundraising, check out our investor updates guide here. On the Importance of Harmony in the Workplace Harmony is our secret weapon. What I’ve realized is that just because you’re working more hours or your butts in a chair doesn’t mean you’re actually more productive and we have a lot of bit data to back that up. When asked, “what is your secret weapon for team culture?” Mike dug into the importance of harmony at Visible. Mike goes on to explain how he does not prescribe to the idea of work/life balance. Rather work is a component of life and there needs to be harmony between your life and the things that are a part of it, like work. Mike and Dan go into deep detail to cover more tactical fundraising advice, company building, and “secret weapons” that Mike has used during his time as a founder. If you’d like to give the full episode a listen, you can do so here.

Last week, Mike, our CEO, joined Russell Benaroya on Stride Services’ “Stride 2 Freedom Speaker Series,” where every week Russell interviews people who can help you move your business faster. Russell and Stride have been longtime users of Visible & great partners to work with. On this episode, Mike & Russell discuss Visible’s recent developments, the relationship driven nature of venture capital, and why people invest in lines rather than dots. You can listen here. Related Resource: 11 Venture Capital Podcasts You Need to Check Out VC is a Relationship Driven Business Venture capital investments take a long time to reach maturity. In many cases, an investor is “hitching a wagon to you for the next 10+ years.” You need to show that you’re trustworthy and working for the long term to persuade an investor to take a chance on your company. Good Communication Has a High ROI At Visible, we like to say that communication saves startups, but it can also help startups get off the ground. Mike mentions that it’s rare that an investor will write a check based on a single interaction. However, investors are able to see your growth if you have past investor updates that you can share to show your progress over time. They’ll also feel good about your level of transparency, and believe that you’ll keep them in the loop too if they decide to invest. Relationships Are Built On Lines, Not Dots You need to show consistent improvement over time when fundraising. It’s impossible to build an accurate judgement of a business or an individual with only a handful of scattered data points. Long term relationships are built through consistency of character, and long term businesses are built by consistent iteration and effort. You can impress people by showing how you’ve developed over time, regardless of where you currently stand. It’s crucial to focus on lines, rather than dots when building investor relationships. Good Leaders Care About the Team What does Mike wish people asked him more about? The team. Startups are built by teams, not just founders. When asked about how we built our newsletter to nearly 20,000 subscribers, Mike recognized that the credit belongs to Matt (who runs marketing here at Visible), rather than himself. The more that a founder can celebrate a team & lead effectively, the better they will perform in the long term. The Startup Ecosystem is Increasingly Global While Silicon Valley will likely remain the primary startup hub in the US for the foreseeable future, the emergence of new startup ecosystems around the world are beginning to attract new founders and investors. At Visible, we’re fortunate to help thriving entrepreneurs from around the world, and Mike has been personally exposed to many startup ecosystems around the US. With the rise of remote work during the pandemic, founders are re-evaluating whether or not they need to remain in the traditional startup cities. As a globally distributed team ourselves, we can verify that A+ talent exists in every corner of the world. Founders everywhere are waking up to this trend – expect to see more startups founded worldwide, not just in northern California.

What is the SaaS Business Model? The typical business model for a SaaS business is a unique and exciting one to dive into. Software as a Service (SaaS) companies are not going away anytime soon and there is much more innovation that will continue to come from SaaS businesses. Looking at companies like Salesforce, Slack, and Zoom (just to name a few), it’s clear that the business model works. But how and why does it work? Read on for a complete breakdown and understanding of the SaaS business model. SaaS or “Software as a Service” is a delivery model for software where a centrally located, cloud-based software is licensed to its customers via a subscription model. This might be annual, monthly, per user, or by package level but a company can be consider a SaaS company if they are hosting their software on the cloud and licensing it out. At the core through all of these stages, the business model is based on a subscription payment set-up. This is core to the business and the building block of the model. A SaaS company may offer various types of subscriptions for different products or various end-users, but the subscription model is key to the foundation of the business. Due to the fact that SaaS companies are hosted on a centrally located cloud, they are in a unique position to constantly be updating the software and pushing those updates to users. This update and growth process for SaaS products is much quicker then in-house hardware that used to require very manual processes for the end-user. The subscription model combined with the consistent updates typically present with SaaS products leads to a higher customer retention than other business models. SaaS companies aid this by baking in very high-touch customer success teams to their sales cycle, continuing to work with and serve the customer even after an annual or monthly subscription is committed to. A SaaS company follows a business model typically goes through 3 phases: early stage, growth stage, and mature stage. All stages involve different levels of funding. For a deeper dive on that specific component, read more here. Related Resource: 20 Best SaaS Tools for Startups The early stage of a SaaS company is focused on building out a product-market fit and securing some early, loyal customers. The team is typically bootstrapped or operating on a very small seed or friends and family round. The team typically stays small at this stage as well. The growth stage in the SaaS business model is focused on scaling extremely quickly by taking on funding via Venture Capital or Angel investors and pushing the limits of your product’s success by taking some risks, scaling the team, entering into incubators, taking on more strategic advisors, and selling up-market. This stage is all about establishing metrics to track success and working to go above and beyond those in order to keep growing the business. Related Resource: Who Funds SaaS Startups? The mature stage kicks in when success is proven, the audience is present and hungry for the product, and the focus is now on growing and retaining customers vs. proving out the concept. The focus now can shift to continuing to fine-tune the business via pricing updates, continued product growth and development, and brand building. Related resource: 11 Top Industry Events for SaaS Startups Stages of a SaaS Business Model As we mentioned in our Startup Funding Stages Guide, “There are multiple stages of startup funding: Seed, Series A, Series B, Series C, and so forth. Startups should be conscientious about the funding rounds that they will go through, which are generally based on the current maturity and development of the company.” The same idea holds true with respects to a SaaS company. A SaaS business model is one of the most attractive to a venture capitalist. The lifecycle and funding stages likely look something like this: Related Resource: 23 Top VC Investors Actively Funding SaaS Startups Related Resource: How to Start and Operate a Successful SaaS Company Seed Funding Seed funding is a startup’s earliest funding stage. Often, seed funding comes from angel investors, friends and family members, and the original company founders. Series A Funding “When a company is first founded, stock options are generally sold to the company’s founders, those close to them, and angel investors. After this, a preferred stock can be sold to investors in the form of a Series A. Series A allows investors to get in early with a business that they truly believe in. It’s a mutually beneficial relationship for both the company and the future stock holders.” Series B+ Funding “Once a business has been launched and established, it may need to acquire Series B (and beyond) funding. A business will only acquire Series B funding after it has started its operations and proven its business model. Series B funding is generally less risky than Series A funding, and consequently there are usually more interested investors.” Important SaaS Business Model Metrics While diving deeper into the SaaS business model, it’s important to understand the key SaaS metrics that will inevitably pop-up along the way. These key SaaS Metrics are critical to track in order to understand the health of a SaaS business. MRR (Monthly Recurring Revenue) Not to be confused with ARR (Annual Recurring Revenue), MRR is how much money your company can be expected to bring in every month. Going beyond the basic meaning, MRR is a functional metric through which you can gauge your company’s income and success. MRR growth equals business growth – the same goes for shrinking MRR most likely equaling a negative impact on the business. MRR trends are incredibly important to subscription-based businesses, because they compound over time. CAC (Customer Acquisition Cost) The sum total it takes for your team to acquire a customer. This includes the time of the sales reps but also the marketing dollars spent. Tracking your customer acquisition cost tells you a lot about how your company is operating. If the dollars and time spent to acquire a single customer is higher than the MRR or ARR that customer brings in, that can be a huge red flag for the business. Over time, your customer acquisition cost will also tell you whether it’s getting more difficult or easier to acquire new customers. You’ll be able to look at trends to see when acquiring customers becomes more affordable, and if there are specific seasons during which customer acquisition is more expensive. LTV (Lifetime Value) Here at Visible, we consider LTV of a customer to be the most important metric you can track. LTV is the average customer revenue multiplied by the gross margin percentage divided by customer churn rate. Another way to think about it is MRR or ARR X Customer Lifetime. Understanding LTV is important in assessing the overall health of your company as well as justifying CAC costs to your investors. Some good news as you’re starting your business – you can track CAC and LTV right in Visible. Churn Essentially, churn is loss. You can have customer churn – the number of customers that cancel their subscription to your business annually or monthly. You can also have revenue churn – how much money is lost annually or monthly. Churn is expected in most businesses but maintaining an acceptable rate in comparison with the growth of your business is a key metric to understand, measure, and track. You can accept about three to five percent of your small to medium sized businesses portfolio every month or less than 10 percent annually. As enterprise level businesses go, aim for a churn rate less than one percent. Your churn rate should continue to decline in subsequent years until you reach negative churn. Customer Retention This SaaS metric refers to how long you are able to maintain a customer per your subscription model. This could be annually or monthly. Healthy retention can also be customer growth. If a software is user-based or has multiple product components, upsell and expansion can be possible leading to annual retention exceeding 100%. Healthy customer retention may not mean you maintain every customer every year, but you ultimately are seeing growth in the business through a balance of renewals, upsells, and contract expansions. Successful SaaS Business Model Examples There are thousands of SaaS businesses in the world today with more growing every year. Despite the model being a popular and growing business practice, 93% of SaaS startups fail within the first 3 years due to a lack of product market fit, run into cash flow problems, or experience more churn than growth. Diving into a few examples of successful SaaS businesses can be a helpful way to better understand the business model. Salesforce is one of the most recognizable SaaS companies and was a true Trailblazer in the space. You can read a brief history of the business here. Salesforce has been so successful because it was one of the first companies to truly implement the SaaS Business Model successfully and has intelligently scaled by continuing to not only update it’s products, but by acquiring products where they see new opportunity effectively retaining customers and upselling them into new products as well as constantly expanding out into serving new industries. They are a mature company now with roughly 30,000 employees globally and a heavy focus on customer story-telling and partnership as a way to stay top of mind in the SaaS world. An extension of the SaaS model that has emerged and has proven to be successful is the “Freemium” model. This pricing structure allows a portion of the product to be used for free by a user or team with full features being available through a subscription. This model works because it allows users and teams to get hooked on a product, have a positive experience with it, and share it internally and externally. This model is a good way to prove product-market fit and keep CAC down by having the product and its use take on a viral aspect with customers being bought in to a point that when the ask comes in to purchase the full software, the education that typically happens around a sale has a lot less friction associated with this. Two companies with extremely successful Freemium models are Slack and Zoom. Both tools can be used for free by individuals, teams, and even larger organizations but have limits on things like storage, meeting times, and seat #s that are only available when an enterprise package is purchased. Pros & Cons of a SaaS Business Model Like any business model, there are of course pros and cons to diving down any particular path. Pros of a SaaS Model Rapid growth – if you find product-market fit early and are able to secure funding, the possibility of growing your company to a Billion dollar valuation is very real and can happen extremely quickly. Ease of deployment – because SaaS lives in the cloud, it can be easy to make quick fixes to your product and sell to and serve customers from virtually anywhere. Predictable revenue – the subscription model affords you the ability to fairly consistently understand how much money you can expect to make. There is no seasonality in a subscription model and annual or monthly contracts provide security that many other business models cannot guarantee. Cons of a SaaS Model Upfront costs – If you aren’t able to secure funding right away, it can be tough to maintain the capital and manpower needed to grow your company quickly enough to be successful. It’s common to not see profitability in the first few years, so it can be a hard business model to follow by truly bootstrapping. Specifically the cost of a team, CAC, and cost to build out the infrastructure to host your cloud software are major factors to consider. High risk – growing fast also means you can fail fast. Taking on a lot of capital and scaling quickly can bring reward but if something changes in the market, your business could crash and burn overnight. Churn – although revenue may be predictable, if the wrong combination of events takes place in a year (major competitor comes to market, market needs change, economic changes occur), you may see a huge bout of churn in a renewal cycle. This extreme shift could be almost impossible to bounce back from. SaaS Business Model Growth Strategies In addition to the “Freemium” model shared above, there are many other growth strategies that can be implemented in a SaaS Business model. A few popular ones include: Customer Stories and Referrals If your SaaS is integral to the way a company does business, you may be lucky enough to have customers who are super fans and love advocating for the value you bring to their day, their work, and their business. Capitalizing on these success stories through marketing content, speaking events, or even referrals can be a smart way to grow your business in an authentic way. These customer stories are good proof points to why you work. Referrals can often lead to better conversations earlier on with prospective customers or even help your sales team break into accounts that have been historically tricky to sell to. Here is an example from one of our customers: Thought Leadership If your company is selling into a specific space, a common strategy is to try and become the “expert” in that space. If your company blog or community group can provide value to your end-user outside of your product, that credibility will spread. Lattice does a great job of this. They have built a free 10k plus HR community group for any HR leader. They keep this space completely focused on their ultimate end-user but never focus on the product, simply provide a space for that community to meet. From there they are able to source content and ideas on what to write about in their blog and share on their podcast, effectively providing value to their end-user before even attempting to make the sale. This name recognition and “expert” status makes the use-case for the product feel more in-line with what the user group is actually interested in. 3rd Party Resources Companies that actively spend time building up great customer reviews on sites like G2.com or work to be analyzed for trusted reports like Forrester, can use that credibility as an outside proof-point for why their product is valuable when selling into new customers. Social Media and Influencer Marketing This strategy is all about going where your end-user is. Build a brand and a voice via social media sites that are popular with your customer. Showcasing your companies voice and personality as well as commenting and sharing insight into trending topics can be an easy way to grow your awareness in an industry. Influencers, or well-known folks in a specific space, can be valuable on social media as well. If a top marketing influencer endorses your marketing SaaS software, folks may come inbound based on that person’s recommendation. Connecting with and offering trials to influencers can be a great way to get this started. Additionally, identifying an exec at your company with a strong following can be a great way to build your company brand via that individual. Folks on LinkedIn, for example, are much more likely to engage with what a person has to say then what a branded company page does. Tools to Help You Optimize Your SaaS Business Model We recommend a few tools to start when jumping into a SaaS business model. Free or premium versions are great, but it’s important to invest in tools that allow you to measure the key metrics listed above and track overall business health. CRM – A customer relationship management tool is key to maintaining an accurate and complete data-base of all of the accounts your team is actively selling to, are active customers, or who have churned. A complete picture of the relationships your company works with will allow you to measure growth and track CAC, MRR and churn. Salesforce, Hubspot, and Oracle all offer quality options but starting out you can build a basic CRM via spreadsheet tools – it will just be a lot more manual. Analytics Tool – Invest in a tool that will allow you to accurately measure all the metrics for your company. We recommend google analytics or manually tracking your metrics via a spreadsheet tool if you don’t have the budget to invest right away. Looker and Tableau are great options once you have budget to spend. Visible – We of course have to share how we can help with growing our SaaS business model, too. Once you take on funding, we are the most complete tool for sharing updates with your entire team and managing existing and potential relationships with investors. You can learn more and check out a free trial of us here.

Over the past twelve months, Visible has evolved from a tool to help founders write great investor updates to a platform to help founders Raise capital, Track key metrics, and Update investors. We felt it was only fitting to evolve our brand just as we have evolved our product. We’re excited to share our new brand identity with you that pays homage to our past while letting us grow into our future. Our mission hasn’t changed, we are still here to give founders a better chance of success. We’ve updated our logo, wordmark, typeface, colors, and imagery across our marketing assets and app. Below we’ll get into why we ultimately made the change and how we went about accomplishing the overhaul this summer. Why change? Simply put, we love founders. We really started to feel this over the past two years after getting to work with over 4,300 founders across the globe. In our new brand identity, you’ll see that founders will be at the forefront of everything we do. Why do we love founders? Because the odds are perpetually stacked against them but they always find a way to keep going. Being a founder is the toughest and oftentimes the loneliest job there is. Founders are forging new paths with future obstacles they can’t see paired with an environment that is ever-evolving. So how does a founder navigate all of this? Withtrusted guides. Maybe that guide is a founder who has forged their own path or an investor who has seen others succeed (or fail) through similar obstacles. The guide could also be a significant other, an independent board member, or a close mentor. One thing became clear to us, scaling a startup is a people and relationship driven endeavor. We hope thatVisible can act as a trusted guide and resource to founders. We also want Visible to act as a catalyst to help founders build relationships with other trusted guides to help take them on their journey. This is why we are updating our brand, to reflect our drive to serve founders first and the guides who support them. Here are some of the tools & resources we’ve recently launched for founders to help them on their journey: Visible Connect – A free investor database so founders can quickly find which potential investors they should be building relationships with. 176 editions of theFounders Forward – Our curated weekly newsletter that has gone out rain or shine every Thursday. Visible for Investors – The most founder friendly tool an investor can use to engage with their portfolio. We wrote 3,800 words in ourall encompassing startup fundraising guide to help founders who are fundraising for the first time. The Visible Founder Community – This is currently in alpha with some of our customers. We just made a hire to take this to the next level. Stay tuned! If you like getting into the details of how we went about deciding on the new brand and what it entails. Keep reading! The Process After we decided that we wanted to update our brand identity we dug into our design values & process, looked at the competitive landscape, talked to our customers, and even reviewed conversion data of our marketing funnel. To give an inside peek at some of our research and process: Design Values Empowerment – We want to make complex tasks simple, while also providing customers with all the valuable information they can get to improve their investor relationships. Reliability – We want customers to trust Visible. They should not only trust that every investor update email is going to be sent but that our team is here when you need us. Consistency – We need to be consistent in our communication and in our user experience. When we launch something new customers should feel like they know it by heart. Competitors We took a look at our customers and their brand identities. We wanted to make sure we could differentiate and stand out. We saw a lot of blue. Mood Board After we pulled all of our research together, we got started on a mood board. We knew that if we wanted to be a trusted guide for founders we need to convey trust, fearlessness, and experience. Here are some early mood boards: Two ideas started to emerge that we liked: The editorial feel our marketing site could have. Our articles and resources were read by more than 175k people in 2020. Let’s elevate the content with a more editorial and educational look. Triangles vibed well with where we wanted to go. The glyphs above have a lot of parallel meanings to building a startup, it plays nicely with the V in Visible and also has elements of climbing a mountain. Of course, we reviewed many iterations of our logo, typeface, and marketing site before landing on the final product. The Logo It is made of 3 overlapping, equilateral triangles. Each triangle is slightly transparent, allowing the mark to interact with other design elements. The triangles represent human relationships, both the connection between each of us and the ever-shifting overlap across myriad networks. There’s also a resonance with the strength of triadic relationships in management and the value created between customers, founders, and VCs, as well as founders, VCs, and LPs. The logomark also pays a nice tribute to our current logo which has an overlapping pie chart. The logo also makes your eyes go “up and to the right”, a common salutation for our content and represents the never ending journey for growth. Typography We found the need to have both serif and sans-serif typefaces in our updated brand style guide. With software interfaces at the core of our products, we found that sans-serif fonts offer the right combination of efficiency and legibility at all sizes. We’re also introducing a beautiful new serif typeface that helps us express the quality and trustworthiness of the content we create and curate for founders. The serifs look great for headers and big and bold for things like inspiring quotes. Imagery We really wanted to bring our customers, founders, community – people! – to the forefront of our brand. Illustrations are trendy but can feel very abstract and lack relatable humanness. We found beauty and inspiration in seeing a diverse group of people doing incredible work. We enjoy the stark contrast of a black and white photo but also how it plays nicely with vibrant headshots. Our logomark really pops across different media types from photos to videos. Founders Forward –> The Visible Weekly The Founders Forward is now The Visible Weekly and will also get a bit of a facelift. We decided it was better to support fewer brands and sunsetted the yellow branding and logo. If we want to better serve founders we felt that Visible should be the core focal point across all of our content. Don’t worry… the newsletter isn’t going anywhere! It will still be curated by our team and produced once a week. If you haven’t subscribed you can do so here -> visible.vc/subscribe Our App In the immediate, our app will have the new logo, color palette, and showcase some of the new brand elements. Over time we’ll introduce more changes that further blend our brand identity into the product. Thanks Most importantly we’d like to thank you, our community, for your encouragement, feedback, and support to get us to this point. We are energized for the years to come and can’t wait to give you a better chance of success. I personally want to thank the entire Visible team for their drive to better serve founders and our customers. The new brand was a total team effort and none of this would be possible without a team who isn’t scared to do the difficult. Up & to the right, Mike Preuss Visible CEO & Co-founder

The world is becoming aware of the potential in blockchain technology. The rise of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other blockchain protocols have created a new class of startup working to innovate on a new frontier. From alternative cryptocurrencies to companies who support the crypto ecosystem, we are witnessing the infrastructure-building phase of a new wave of technology. At Visible, we talk to founders every day who are looking for investors. Our new Connect platform allows you to search our database of nearly 11,000 investors to do your own research, but in this post, we will be highlighting some of those investors in the blockchain space. 2020 Ventures Stage: All Stages Investment Geography: United States, Southeast Asia Key person: David Williams Blockchain investments: Bitpay, Polysign, Kava Networks, Ripple Labs, tokens like BTC, ETH, LINK, & more. Thesis: 2020 Ventures doesn’t only invest in blockchain & crypto, but when they do invest in the space they make bets on both coins and companies in the space. They spend time primarily on payments & stores of Value, but also invest in DeFi, exchanges, and other projects. View Profile Notation Stage: Pre Seed Investment Geography: New York, Agnostic Key Person: Alex Lines and Nicholas Chirls Blockchain Investments: Filecoin, Zepplin, Livepeer Thesis: Notation capital explicitly says on their site that they are not thesis driven. Instead, they focus on writing the earliest checks into big ideas that are of interest to them. With deeply technical backgrounds, Notation is placing bets across many different sectors – blockchain being one of them. They’ve invested directly in protocols like Filecoin and in crypto-focused companies such as Bison Trails and Livepeer. You can read their operating principles on Github here. View Profile Blockchain Valley Ventures Stage: All stages Investment Geography: Global Blockchain Investments: Algotrader, Coinfirm, Keyless Key People: Heinrich Zetlmayer Thesis: Another hybrid advisory/investment firm, Blockchain Valley Ventures brings expertise to the blockchain space by helping projects of all kinds come to fruition. From corporate blockchain projects to startup ventures in the space, BVV is there to help with both capital and expertise. View Profile Pillar VC Stage: All stages Investment Geography: United States, Northeast Key People: Jamie Goldstein, Russ Wilcox, Sarah Hodges Blockchain Investments: Algorand, Circle, LBRY Thesis: Pillar is a highly founder focused VC fund that differentiates itself by investing in good founding teams. They invest across many categories, but found themselves as one of the first investors in new blockchain Algorand and several other crypto companies. View Profile Boost VC Stage: Accelerator/Seed Investment Geography: Global Key People: Adam Draper, Brayton Williams, Maddie Callander Blockchain investments: Abra, Aragon, Filecoin, Ethereum, and many more Thesis: Boost.vc invests in what they call ‘Sci-Fi Founders’ primarily via their accelerator. They have dozens of investments across many different frontier industries, primarily focusing on VR/AR, Crypto, and what they call ‘sci-fi’ investments. View Profile Castle Island Ventures Stage: All stages Investment Geography: Global Key People: Matthew Walsh, Nic Carter Blockchain Investments: BlockFi, Zabo, Talos, and more Thesis: Castle Island Ventures invests almost exclusively in public blockchain projects. They have conviction that public, permissionless blockchains will form a new economic infrastructure, and deploy capital using their past financial and crypto expertise in projects that support public blockchains. View Profile Blockchers Stage: Accelerator, Seed, Grants Investment Geography: Europe Blockchain Investments: Volvero, Blocksquare, and more Thesis: Blockchers provides grants and occasional investments through their accelerator in the European Union. They are smaller than some of the other players on this list, but they’re a great option to explore if you’re building a blockchain based startup in Europe. View Profile Kenetic Trading Stage: Series A/Series B Investment Geography: Global, but focusing on Asia Key People: Jehan Chu, Daniel Weinberg Blockchain Investments: BlockFi, Handshake, Alchemy, and many others Thesis: Kenetic Capital is involved in a few different areas of crypto and blockchain markets. They invest in Series A and later blockchain companies like BlockFi and Handshake, and also are involved in cryptocurrency trading. They offer many sophisticated trading products and executes on advanced trading strategies with a team of experience software engineers and quantitative traders. Jehan Chu, the fund’s CEO, has played a major role in the building the blockchain community in Hong Kong and hosts meetups throughout Asia. View Profile ConsenSys Ventures Stage: Accelerator, All Stages Investment Geography: Global Key People: Min Teo, Joseph Lubin Blockchain Investments: Compound, Gitcoin, Juno, and many others Thesis: ConsenSys is a highly successful Ethereum software development company. They’ve built multiple hit products such as MetaMask, Codefi and Quorum. They’ve used their expertise to spin out an investment arm that has made investments to projects like Compound, Gitcoin, and many other protocols and infrastructure builders in the space. Just starting out? You can consider their hackathon or accelerator programs. View Profile Placeholder VC Stage: All Stages Investment Geography: Global Key People: Joel Monegro, Chris Burniske Blockchain Investments: Magic, Nexus Mutual, 0x, Aragon, and many others Thesis: Placeholder invests in new projects in the space that seek to build around cryptonetworks. Their thesis is that the advent of blockchains and their open-sourced nature will lead to a slow decline of the current tech monopolies of the day. The key reason: blockchains undermine the key advantage of tech giants: data monopolization. ‘crypto collapses the cost of building and scaling information networks by replacing centralized coordination with universal financial incentives.’ You can read their full investment thesis here. View Profile Use Visible Connect to browser our investor database of hand curated investors. Find investors and add them directly to your Fundraising Pipeline in Visible. Give it a try here.

What does product-market fit really mean? The first goal of every startup is to find product market fit. But what is product market fit in the first place? How do you know when you have it? The most famous and widely accepted definition of product market fit is one that Marc Andreessen coined in 2007, “Product-market fit means being in a good market with a product that can satisfy that market.” Andy Rachleff has expanded on this definition, adding that product market fit means identifying who you’re trying to serve (the market), what you’re going to offer (your product), and how you’re going to deliver upon that offering in a way that allows you to capture the value created by the product (your business model). How do you achieve/find product-market fit? Achieving product-market fit is about identifying needs in the marketplace and testing different ways of satisfying them. You must be thoughtful about how you can serve customers, and iterate quickly with your product based on their reaction to your offering. It’s also critical to understand your potential business model and how that relates to the market you’re trying to serve. Learn how Yaw Aning, Founder of Malomo, found their first customers when searching for PMF below: Defining Your Target Customer The process of defining your target customer is the first step in finding product market fit. This step is about choosing your market. If you don’t know who you want to serve, you’ll have no idea what to build, and instead spend time and money on building a product that no one needs. It is key here to identify a sufficiently promising market. As this post by Andreessen Horowitz explains, a great product in a lousy market has no chance of succeeding, while a decent product in a great market has a much greater chance of finding product-market fit. Identifying Your Value Proposition Once you’ve identified a market and customer you’d like to serve, you’ll need to develop a value proposition to test in the marketplace. This value proposition does not have to be perfect. In fact, you should expect to iterate upon it and potentially decide to change it altogether. After all, the Twitter team started by building an app for podcasting, and Slack started off as a video game. If you assemble a talented team that works well together and don’t stop iterating, you can eventually identify the value proposition that makes sense for your market. Building Your MVP The MVP is designed to be your first entry into the market. Popularized by Eric Ries and his Lean Startup Playbook, an MVP is meant to help you test your value proposition. Today, many companies are using no-code or low-code platforms like WebFlow and Bubble to create basic versions of products and testing them in the market. These tools enable non-technical founders to test their ideas in the marketplace before building a full-fledged product with a team of engineers. You often won’t know for sure if customers value your product until you put it into the market. This is why it pays to move quickly and release your product before you feel ready. This is especially true if your product is a mobile or web application that is easy iterate on (medical device or biotech founders should tread more carefully). Reid Hoffman, the founder of LinkedIn, has often said that ‘if you aren’t embarrassed by the first version of your product, you launched too late.’ Find Product-Market Fit Before Scaling You should work to solve for product market fit before you worry about finding the perfect growth strategy. Andy Rachleff has said that you should work on solving for your value hypothesis before solving for your growth hypothesis. A 2011 study by Startup Genome found that 70% of the 3200 startups they studied scaled prematurely. To avoid being one of the 70%, focus on finding product market fit before you focus on growing your business. It’s tempting to raise giant sums of money and shoot for the moon – you just first need to make sure that you’ve built something in the right market that people really want. Indicators of Product Market Fit Once you’ve released your MVP into the wild and started iterating, you’ll likely wonder how to gauge whether you’re making progress toward product market fit. In fact, Facebook executive Alex Schultz has said that a major cause of startup problems happens when founders think they have product market fit, when they really don’t. It’s easy to get caught up in vanity metrics that don’t indicate whether or not your product is succeeding. You should identify what metrics are real determinants of progress in the market – things like new revenue, customer retention, and NPS can be good examples of metrics to focus on. Perhaps the greatest measure of product market fit is your ability to grow without much investment in sales or marketing. Word of mouth growth is an outstanding sign that you’re on the right track. But, at the end of the day, product market fit is often clear. “As Eric Reis says, if you need to ask whether or not you have product-market fit, you don’t.” Word of Mouth Growth ‘Word of mouth’ is a vague term that marketers use to describe the phenomena that happens when your product grows organically based on positive reviews from users. It’s difficult to measure, but many agree that it is one of the most powerful forces in the marketing universe. If your product grows through word of mouth, without significant spending on advertising, it can be a great sign that you’re on the path to product-market fit. Keith Rabois recounts an excellent story about Square growing exponentially with every new hardware device that was sold. Other potential users were seeing the Square point of sale device in person and becoming customers. To Keith and Jack Dorsey, this was a clear sign that they were finding product market fit. In their case, they had found a clear path to viral growth as well. Keep Testing to Find Product Market Fit One of the best ways to find product market fit is by looking at the process through the lens of the scientific method. You can develop a hypothesis around what users will want and then test it in the market. By viewing it in this way, finding product market fit can become a game. This frees you to overcome the fear of shipping. Rather than trying to build the perfect product at the start, you can continue building as you gain more clarity based on market feedback. When people like Reid Hoffman talk about the importance of shipping early, they don’t mean that you should intentionally create something terrible. Rather, you should err on the side of releasing your product into the market because the feedback you’ll receive in return will provide information that can either support or falsify your hypothesis. Sometimes, the feedback you get can take you down a new road altogether. Startups are cash constrained, and need to find product market fit before they run out of money. It’s often better to release too early and get this critical feedback before you blow through half of your cash on what you believe to be the perfect idea, only for it to backfire. Related Resource: 7 Startup Growth Strategies How can you tell when you've achieved product-market fit? When product market fit happens, it sometimes feels magical. Other times, it’s less obvious. In a consumer application that is built on viral marketing, it may be glaringly obvious when you hit product market fit – growth rates might explode and you could have a quick hit on your hands. In other areas, the process might take longer. If you run an enterprise SaaS business with a 6+ month sales cycle, it will take longer to see the fruits of your labor. Tyler Tringas of Earnest Capital calls this “the long, slow, SaaS grind.” If product market fit isn’t always obvious, how do we know when we’re on the right track? In the case of the SaaS app, it may be realizing that you’re gaining new customers via word of mouth, or churn rates are very low. In other cases, an incredibly well received MVP (minimum viable product) could be an indicator of potential product market fit. Finding product market fit can be more of an art than science, but there are some things you can watch out for. How do you measure product-market fit? At its core, product market fit means that you’ve built something that solves a real problem for people or businesses in a large enough market. When you have it, potential customers will often start seeking out you to use your product without the need of marketing spend. If you believe that you’ve found product market fit, and can reliably predict your customer lifetime value, it could make sense to step on the gas with sales & marketing spend as a part of your growth strategy. Paypal after all was burning $10M/month at one point in their journey as their customer acquisition strategy revolved around giving users a free $10 to use their product. If your customers are loving your product and it has a high lifetime value, then a Paypal-esque strategy may make sense. Regardless of your strategy for finding product market fit, here are 2 things to observe when measuring your progress: Know Your Customer Lifetime Value When measuring product/market fit, you’ll need to make sure that you’re in a market & selling a product that makes your customer lifetime value high enough to pursue for the long term. If you sell a SaaS product that costs $10/month on average, but costs $10/month to support due to its complex nature, then you probably don’t have product market fit. On the other hand, if you have a product that sells for $1000/month and costs $5000 to build up front, you could have an excellent win on your hands (provided that churn is sufficiently low). Pricing is one of the toughest things to figure out in startups, but it’s critical to be aware of your customer lifetime value & the potential size of your market when making early decisions. What’s Your NPS? NPS (net promoter score) is a way to evaluate how likely your customers are to recommend your product to other people in their network. It’s been heralded as a key metric to track in recent years to evaluate customer satisfaction and gauge how effectively their company will grow via word of mouth. While it’s not perfect (qualitative metrics are notorious for having variance), it’s still a good thing to measure to determine how well your product is resonating. You should also look at other indicators related to NPS. How excited are your customers about your product? Are they posting about it on social media, or telling you about how it’s changed their lives? What about churn rates? A high NPS with a high churn rate usually means that you’re missing the mark. Improving product-market fit requires you to iterate Iterating on product market fit, as we mentioned earlier, requires you to take action and evaluate the results of that action. This process mirrors the scientific method – you start with an insight, do background research to observe what’s already been done, and formulate a hypothesis in the form of an initial product that you release into the market. Even if you receive a lackluster response, you formulate a new hypothesis & iterate on your product, repeating this process. Sometimes, you’ll find that you were totally off in your initial product, or that your product was used in unexpected ways. If everyone knew how the market would react to new product offerings, there would be no point in building and developing new products! This is why it’s critical to get your product into the hands of users early to test your offering. Most software businesses are perfect for this model – it helps to produce products that can be iterated upon immediately. Companies that produce hardware or more security-intensive products can also benefit from demonstrating prototypes to early adopters and getting early feedback on your concept, or offering pre-orders. The worst thing you can do is spend months or years building a new product that you realize nobody wanted. You’re better suited releasing an early version and building along with market feedback. Another great option is releasing an MVP and then launching a kickstarter campaign or offering pre-orders. Madelin Woods, a founder in our community, is a great example of this. She created prototypes of her burrito-eating tool ‘Burrito-Pop’ that generated buzz amongst friends & acquaintances. Her Burrito Pop Kickstarter fundraise generated enough funding to get version 1 to market. Collect Data Consistently to Shorten Feedback Loops Setting up short feedback loops is also critical. The more quickly you can get feedback from the market on your idea, the better, as compound interest applies to the iteration of products. You’re better off iterating 100 times on your offering, than spending 100s of hours on developing one version. It’s beneficial to keep an eye on metrics that are key indicators of growth & usage. At Visible, we measure key indicators of product engagement and conduct regular customer development calls when we build new product offerings. Mike, our CEO, will take demos and sit in on calls as we build. You can adopt the same mentality as you work to find product/market fit. Build Quickly to Iterate Quickly You can only iterate as fast as you can build. Using best practices for product development, we at Visible work in 6 week cycles where we choose key initiatives and ship product quickly. It’s key to have your product team working well together to ensure that your team is free to ship product on a consistent basis. Ryan Singer of Basecamp’s Shape Up provides an outstanding framework to help you ship product more quickly with less stress and headaches. The Visible product team endorses this process of development as it has helped us ship consistently on big projects every 6 weeks. Be Ok With Changing Your Mind As Winston Churchill said: “To improve is to change; to be perfect is to change often.” It’s critical to avoid the ‘sunk cost fallacy’ – continuing to invest in products just because you’ve already spent time or money on them. You must be willing to abandon projects or initiatives that no longer make sense for your business. Before you have product market fit, you cannot be too stubborn about the route you want your company travel. If Stewart Butterfield at Slack would have insisted on developing a video game, he could never have built the workplace app that runs thousands of companies around the world. This is challenging to do as a founder, as you and your team may need to abandon things you’ve worked hard on in exchange for something different. One of the greatest skills an early stage founder can have is inspiring their team to change directions when it’s needed. Finding product market fit is the first challenge of building a company. If you stay focused on users, operate in a large enough market, and keep iterating, you’ll always have a chance. Once you have it, it’s time to pour more talent and capital onto the fire to grow your business – but that’s a topic for another day.

Raise capital, update investors and engage your team from a single platform. Try Visible free for 14 days. Relatively speaking, venture capital is a fairly new asset class. Innovations have been consistent since Y Combinator came to market in the early 2000s. Since then there have been countless innovations that are creating more funding options for startup founders. The most recent innovation has been rolling funds. Learn more about rolling funds and what they means for startup founders below: What are Rolling Funds? Pioneered by Angelist, a rolling fund is a new VC fund structure that allows funds to raise money on a continuous basis – creating a new fund structure as quickly as every quarter. These funds can also be publicly marketed under Rule 506(c). While rolling funds are still relatively new, there have been early benefits and signs of more innovation to come. To learn more about rolling funds and their impact on startup founders and investors, read more below: What are the benefits of Rolling Funds Rolling funds have the opportunity to transform the venture capital space. As we begin to scratch the surface on rolling funds and how they fit into the space, there have been some clear benefits so far. 1. Attract New Types of Investors These funds also lower the barrier of entry into VC for aspiring investors by allowing them to get started with less up front capital. Angelist can manage most of the legal and administrative aspects of rolling funds too, further lowering the overall amount of knowledge and capital needed to get started. Because of this, rolling funds may create many new types of investors. 2. Provides More Funding Options for Founders More investors means more funding options for startup founders. As we mentioned above, rolling funds will lower the barrier to entry for emerging VCs, in turn creating more funding options for startups. As more competition pops up in the space, the more competitive it will become to get on a startup’s cap table. Because of this, funds will have to create more resources and terms for startups. Related Resource: The Understandable Guide to Startup Funding Stages 3. Continual Limited Partner Fundraising Rolling funds allow VC’s to continue to raise money from limited partners on a regular basis, essentially turning the process of LP investing into a quarterly subscription-based model. If an LP decides that they don’t want to continue backing an investor, they can stop allocating resources to them immediately. On the other hand, if they see that a given investor is making good bets, they can invest more money in them very quickly. This is especially useful for VC’s who would like to fundraise opportunistically in the case of portfolio markups. 4. Shortened Feedback Loops This new structure will shorten feedback loops for venture capitalists. Startups take a long time to reach full maturity, but they still have clear milestones throughout their journey. If an investor has several companies in their portfolio that succeed in securing future funding or obtaining product market fit, they can be rewarded instantly by raising more money during the next quarter. This is good for LP’s too, as they can make small, periodic investments in rolling funds based on the real time performance of the investor. This is quite different from having to write very large checks every 10 years. It opens up LP investing to smaller funds and individuals – rather than just institutions. How are Rolling Funds Structured? As we mentioned, rolling funds will allow more people to become VC’s. Because companies like Angelist will allow these small investors to outsource many fund management responsibilities, more people with A+ networks and good judgment can get into the game. For example, a star employee at Stripe or AirBnB might have access to many startup deals and the judgment needed to allocate capital effectively. Traditionally, if they wanted to get into VC, they would have needed to slowly work their way into an established fund or quit their job to start their own. If they didn’t want to do this, then they could angel invest, but then may not have hit the threshold needed to be an accredited investor (and even then they were confined to only investing their own money). Rolling funds allow them to start investing part time, and without needing to hit accredited investor requirements (although LP’s do need to be accredited). These new operator investors will be able to attract LP investment from many different sources, such as their managers, successful friends, and others who are impressed by their network and experience. Maybe you, a current founder, have always thought that you’d be a good VC and wish you could allocate capital into your other founder friends’ deals. With rolling funds, you can start a fund as a side hustle. This enables you to capitalize on your access and judgement by investing in other founders. 506(c) Funds Rolling funds are structured as a 506(c) offering. According to the SEC: “Rule 506(c) permits issuers to broadly solicit and generally advertise an offering, provided that: all purchasers in the offering are accredited investors the issuer takes reasonable steps to verify purchasers’ accredited investor status and certain other conditions in Regulation D are satisfied” Put simply, a 506(c) requires that all LPs are accredited investors. As Investopedia puts it, “An accredited investor is an individual or a business entity that is allowed to trade securities that may not be registered with financial authorities. They are entitled to this privileged access by satisfying at least one requirement regarding their income, net worth, asset size, governance status, or professional experience.” LP Subscriptions Accredited LPs, limited partners, are the investors behind a rolling fund. As the name implies, rolling funds are raised on a rolling basis. Quarterly Funds As the team at Rolling Fund News puts it, ‘A rolling fund is structured as a series of limited partnerships: at the end of each quarterly investment period, a new fund is offered on substantially the same terms, for as long as the rolling fund continues to operate. With this fund structure, rolling funds are publicly marketable and remain open to new investors.” Contributions The fund managers are responsible for deciding what the contribution minimum or maximums are for LPs. Currently on the AngelList rolling fund marketplace the quarterly minimums range anywhere from $2,500 to $50,000. Fee Structure Like any venture capital fund, there are fees associated with a rolling fund. Admin Fee For all rolling funds on AngelList there is a 0.15% admin fee. The fee is similar to more traditional funds and syndicates offered through AngelList. Management Fees There are also management fees associated with rolling funds. Most management fees are 2% but can generally range anywhere from 0% to 3%. As defined by AngelList, “Each fund will pay the fund manager a customary management fee. Management fees generally accrue over the first ten years of each fund’s life and are typically payable in advance over four years. Like a traditional fund, GPs can waive fees on an LP-by-LP basis.” Check out an example from AngelList below: How to Get Involved with Rolling Funds? The rolling fund structure opens up VC investing to many people who would have otherwise had a difficult time getting started. For example, imagine a fund built entirely around an independent media creator with a strong brand. High quality tech bloggers or university professors with a deep understanding of startups and a large audience can raise funding quickly on top of their brand and expertise. It could create an additional income stream for these individuals and allow them to build wealth through venture investing. Networking A common thread is that rolling funds will open up the opportunity to create a VC fund to anyone with a great network, access to deals, and good judgement around startups. Whether it’s an elite tech blogger, current founder looking to invest on the side, or startup executives who wants to benefit from their understanding and access to early stage companies – there will be new players in the VC game that might be different than the typical venture investor. Exploring Since launching rolling funds, AngelList has launched a marketplace where anyone can peruse and check out different funds that are currently raising. You’ll be able to check out the different funds (and their managers) to get an idea of who is in the space. Check it out here. Invest With lower investment minimums and more availability, rolling funds are becoming a feasible investment for non-traditional investors. Founders particularly are beginning to invest in rolling funds to invest in other founders. Of course this is an incredibly risky investment and should seek advice before investing. How Rolling Funds Could Impact Fundraising As we previously discussed, rolling funds have created more funding options for startups. Because of this it has the opportunity to impact the current VC fundraising process. Related Resource: All Encompassing Startup Fundraising Guide Increase in Total Number of VCs Rolling funds will lead to an increase in the total number of VC’s. More entrants into the VC business will lead to pressure on the traditional players in the ecosystem and more competition for deals. This competition will lead to better prices for founders raising capital. Would you rather take money from your long time friend’s rolling fund or a Sand Hill Road VC during your Seed round? These options may be real in the next 5-10 years. Rise in Early Stage Investing At first, rolling funds will primarily impact early stage investing. Most of these new funds have raised relatively modest amounts of money compared to large VC’s. Due to the large amounts of capital needed to play at later stage investing, rolling funds might not have an impact there just yet. However, due to the nature of compounding, some rolling funds might grow much larger than expected. VC is dominated by power laws, and the most successful rolling funds might find themselves with LP’s begging to get into future rounds. A rolling fund with a few smash hit successes can instantly raise additional LP capital. Traditional VC’s would have to wait longer to do so. One can even expect large VC’s to adopt the rolling fund model in the future. Easing Exit Pressure A final way that rolling funds will help founders is by easing exit pressure. All VC investors (including those who run rolling funds), will want your company to swing for the fences and seek to be a massive outlier. Traditional VC funds, however, need to show returns to LP’s on a roughly 10 year time horizon so that they have the momentum necessary to raise additional funding. This sometimes gives VC’s an incentive to push your company to exit or IPO within a specific time frame. LP’s want to see returns on set schedules. If your company’s exit would help show better returns, your VC’s might pressure you into selling your company prematurely. With rolling funds, this is not as much of an issue, as they can raise funding from LP’s on a continuous basis, vs having to raise a giant new fund every 10 years. Rolling Fund FAQs Because rolling funds are fairly new to most founders and investors – check out a few common questions below: Can You Market a Rolling Fund? One of the unique factors of a rolling fund are that the general partners behind them are allowed to market them to the general public. As AngelList writes, “Unlike most traditional venture funds, managers of Rolling Funds (known as general partners or “GPs”) can publicly advertise their offerings to grow their investor network and raise money.” Because of this, GPs of a rolling fund can attract LPs from different walks of life. More individuals are beginning to invest in rolling funds which means that startup founders will have a more diverse network of investors with more resources and connections available. What is the Difference Between a Syndicate and a Fund? As put by the team at AbstractOps, “A startup syndicate – or an investment syndicate – is a special purpose vehicle (SPV) created for the sole purpose of making one investment. Although syndicate investors are typically high-risk (high-reward) investors, through syndicates, they can invest in more deals with small amounts of capital, as little as $1,000 per syndicate. ” This means that a syndicate is only investing in a single company. On the flip side, a fund is dedicated to making investments across many companies. Related Resource: Accredited Investor vs Qualified Purchaser Is There a Minimum Investment for a Rolling Fund? The minimum investment for a rolling fund varies from fund to fund. The list of Rolling Funds currently raising on AngelList varies anywhere from a minimum of $2.5K a quarter to $167K a quarter. Checkout Visible’s Investor Database To Find the Perfect Investor Early signs show that rolling funds are here to stay and can be transformational for both venture capitalists and startup founders. If you’re a founder looking to raise capital, check out Visible Connect, our investor database, here. We maintain the database with firsthand data and will continue to add new funds and data as it becomes available.

While you’re busy launching your startup and talking with investors, insurance might not be high on your priority list. But as you start planning to raise your next round, keep in mind that commercial insurance will most likely be a requirement of securing venture funding. Not having insurance can even slow down funding, so it’s wise to get the coverage you need ahead of time to avoid closing new rounds. Venture capital firms often require certain policies to help mitigate the risk associated with investing in your startup. Here we’ll explain five key policies you should understand to help make your next funding round as smooth and seamless as possible. Directors & Officers (D&O) Insurance D&O insurance will likely be the first policy you need to have in place to secure if you’re raising money from investors. D&O covers you, the company, and your board of directors from a broad array of claims associated with wrongdoing that results from managing the company. Some examples include: Theft of trade secrets Misrepresentation that results in a loss for investors Breach of fiduciary duty D&O has three main coverage areas: Side A: Covers individual insureds not indemnified by the corporation Side B: Covers reimbursing the corporation for indemnifying individuals Side C: Covers the corporation itself against securities claims, such as company mismanagement It’s important to note that D&O will not cover any instances of intentional illegal acts, such as fraud or illegal remuneration. Tech Errors & Omissions (E&O) Tech E&O is a type of professional liability policy that is specifically designed for the needs of tech startups and can cover liability associated with technology products or services you provide, media content, and network failures. Essentially, this policy covers claims where your products, services, or professional advice results in a financial loss for your clients. As your startup grows this policy will be essential to mitigating these risks. Keep in mind, tech E&O will not cover claims associated with a deliberate breach of contract. Cyber Liability Insurance While tech E&O will cover errors or omissions, it will not cover cases of cyberattacks. For that, you’ll need Cyber Liability. This is the only type of commercial policy that will help cover the damages associated with data breaches. You can often add this coverage to your Technology Errors & Omissions policy. Startups rely on technology to keep their operations going and this leaves them vulnerable to hackers. In fact, a report by Verizon found that almost a third of all cyberattacks involved small companies and the average cost associated with data breaches, like notification and legal fees, will set you back thousands of dollars. To help cover this risk, it’s important for startups to have Cyber Liability in place. This policy covers liability that originates both internally from employees and externally from hackers, and can cover the following areas: Loss of digital assets Business interruption expenses Cyber extortion Non-employee and employee privacy liability Digital media liability It’s important to note that Cyber Liability will not cover risk mitigation costs or loss of first-party intellectual property. Employment Practices Liability insurance (EPLI) As startups secure more funding and hire new talent, the risk for employee-related claims goes up. Since many startups often lack the HR and legal resources that large corporations have, disgruntled employees could easily sue for allegations of discrimination, wrongful termination, or harassment. Not only are these claims costly, but they can also damage a startup’s reputation. EPLI insurance will cover the startup and employees against allegations of: Discrimination Wrongful termination Sexual harassment Retaliation Workplace harassment Breach of employer contract Keep in mind, EPLI does not cover claims of bodily injury to employees. That’s what Workers Compensation is for. Key Man Insurance Key Man insurance is simply a corporate-owned life insurance policy, typically on the founder or CEO. With startups, the sudden or unexpected death of someone as important as the CEO or founder could sink the company. With Key Man insurance, if this were to happen, the company would receive the life insurance payout. The Key Takeaway As you start planning your next funding round, make sure you keep insurance top-of-mind. You’ve worked long and hard to get here, so it’s important your company is adequately protected. VC firms know they’re taking a big risk by investing in your company, so they’ll need reassurances their liability is covered. Don’t wait until the last minute to provide proof of insurance, you should make sure you’re getting the right coverage that fits your budget. Some startups might find it difficult to secure commercial insurance due to their limited financial history. Make sure you use a broker that specializes in helping startups with broad management liability coverage. With these policies in mind, you’ll be ready to sign on the dotted line to secure your next funding round in no time. Related Resource: Down Round: Understanding Down Round Funding and How to Avoid It By Emily Lazration, CoverWallet Emily is the Content Marketing Specialist at CoverWallet, a tech company that makes it easy for businesses to understand, buy, and manage commercial insurance online. She has written for several outlets including Inc., Ooma, and Fundera covering small business news and advice.

What is a Convertible Note? A convertible note is a type of short term debt that converts into equity. Convertible note holders essentially get paid interest in the form of discounted equity shares, rather than regularly scheduled payments. They are often used by early stage startups when closing a seed round, and later stage companies looking for more cash in a ‘bridge’ round before their next planned fundraise. Convertible notes have a few key components: Conversion Discount — The discount at which the investor will receive shares at the date of maturity or the next ‘qualified financing’ (i.e. the next round of funding). Valuation Cap — The cap on the valuation (i.e. price) that the investors will pay for their equity during the company’s next fundraise. Interest Rate — This interest rate will be added to the principal amount invested when the debt converts into equity. Most convertible notes in 2020 have a low rate to keep the value primarily on the equity conversion & reflect the current interest rate environment. Maturity Date — Like some other forms of debt, convertible notes have a maturity date at which the investor can request full payment back from the company. This date is mostly designed to set expectations for the date of the next round of funding. It depends. They have some clear advantages in that they tend to allow deals to get done faster. However, many in the VC community have been critical, citing that they come with more complexity and hidden risk down the road if both sides are not careful. Related resource: Liquidation Preference: Types of Liquidation Events & How it Works Are Convertible Notes Good or Bad? When Convertible Notes Are Good Convertible notes are good for quickly closing a Seed round. They’re great for getting buy in from your first investors, especially when you have a tough time pricing your company. Paul Graham wrote a post in 2010 called ‘High Resolution Fundraising’ in which he argued that innovation in convertible securities allows for more accurate & personalized pricing in early stage funding. If you need the cash to get you to a Series A that will attract a solid lead investor at a fair price, a convertible note can help. When Convertible Notes Are Bad Convertible notes are destructive when used carelessly. Having too many notes or poorly structured notes outstanding can put your company and later negotiations at risk by complicating your cap table. You should partner with a lawyer who understands the ins and outs of convertible notes, and educate yourself prior to closing a round with this type of funding. Convertible notes are great for speed in Seed rounds, but they must be well thought out to avoid problems later on. What Happens When a Convertible Note Matures? When a convertible note is issued, both the investor and founders are expecting the debt to ‘mature’ by converting to equity during a financing round within the next 1 to 2 years. However, notes also come with maturity dates, enabling the investor to get their money back (with some interest added to the principal) if that financing round does not happen on time. There have been instances in which companies are either acquired before their initial equity round or choose to not raise any equity funding. These are both rare occurrences, but they create tough situations. See investors are not making an exceptionally high risk investment just to get their principal back plus a small interest rate. VC’s and angels win by having huge outliers in their portfolio – if they don’t get equity and you become a unicorn, they lose. It’s best for founders to add language into their convertible notes that state what investors can expect to get in these situations. Do You Have to Pay Back a Convertible Note? Convertible notes are just like any other form of debt – you’ll need to pay back the principal plus interest. In an ideal world, a startup would never pay back a convertible note in cash. However, if the maturity date hits prior to a Series A financing, investors can choose to demand their money back. This could effectively bankrupt the company. After all, the startup raised the money because they didn’t have the cash in the first place. If a company raises money using multiple convertible notes, this risk is even greater. Because of this, neither side of the table wants a convertible note to reach its maturity date prior to the next round of funding. Is a Convertible Note Debt or Equity? Convertible notes begin as short term debt, but convert into equity during a later round of financing by allowing the investor to receive a discount on shares at a future date. The investor technically has downside protection in the event that the company goes out of business until the note converts. They are entitled to their principal in a liquidity event prior to the conversion date, or if the note reaches maturity prior to a qualified financing. Related Resource: A User-Friendly Guide on Convertible Debt How Does a Convertible Note Convert? A convertible note converts at the next ‘qualified financing round.’ In most cases, convertible notes are issued during a seed round, with the Series A round being the expected conversion event. However, it’s critical to understand the terms at which the note will convert because it will have a huge impact on dilution (this article goes into depth on convertible instruments and dilution). There are three options, all of which are explained in great detail in this post from CooleyGo and this one from Alexander Jarvis Pre Money Method In this instance, the convertible note converts based on the pre-money Series A valuation of the company. The dilution in this case will be passed from the founders on to the note holders and new Series A investors. Percent Ownership Method With this method, the note will convert based the percent ownership that the incoming Series A investor expects to receive. Founders bear the brunt of all of the dilution, which benefits the convertible note holder in addition to the new investor. Dollars Invested Method This method is unique in that it includes the value of the convertible note in the post money valuation of the company. In the Pre Money Method, the founder is favored at the expense of investors, while in the Percent Ownership Method, the founder gets diluted more than they expect. The Dollars Invested Method serves as a middle ground between the two, and allows the dilution to be shared amongst the Seed investors, Series A investors, and founders. Why Are Convertible Notes Used By Startups? Convertible debt has obvious advantages in that it can allow you to get deals done faster. By giving your first investor(s) a good deal, you compensate them for taking a risk on your team by allowing them the option to take a future stake in your company at a discount, while protecting their downside risk. However, you should be warned that these early benefits can come with nasty long-term consequences if you are careless with convertible notes. It’s best to be careful, do your research, and understand the terms so that you’re protected for future rounds. When Should Convertible Notes Be Used? When they can help you close your seed round faster: If a company is trying to raise a seed round, one of the biggest challenges they’ll face is getting the first investor to say yes. There is an old saying in the startup world that the most common question investors ask is ‘who else is investing?’ There is a ‘herd mentality’ stereotype that is often applied to VC’s. Even though it drives founders crazy, investors have a point. Startups almost always need cash to succeed, and if they’re not fundable, they’ll fail. For an investor to see a return, the company will need many other investors to see the same value. No investor takes more risk in this regard than angels or early stage VC’s. They need to take the first chance on a company, typically long before it has any substantial financial or user data to make a convincing funding argument that’s based on fundamentals. Angels are making high risk bets on an idea, a team, and a market. Convertible notes allow founders to provide better deals to investors who take this risk, and ultimately give you a chance to scale your company. To give you more time to determine a valuation: One of the most difficult problems when getting an early stage deal done is agreeing on a valuation. Seed stage founders don’t have much data to help price their company, and every investor wants to wait until someone else agrees on a given valuation to get on board. Investors keep the company arms length, waiting for another fund or angel to take the first step. With convertible notes, founders can offer better terms to an investor who writes the first check, and delay having to put a firm price on their company. Notes also enable companies to avoid extra legal fees associated with negotiations that take place during equity financing . This allows them to save cash and get deals done faster (although there are now templates like Series Seed documents that make this easier). When Should Convertible Notes NOT Be Used? When they can overcomplicate your cap table: If a company raises money with multiple convertible notes, the cap table can get complex and the founders may place themselves in an uncomfortable position. This is especially the case if they don’t hit the next qualified financing on time. Convertible notes are still debt prior to their conversion. You may be liable to pay back cash that you don’t have if your future round doesn’t go as planned. This also gets awkward if founders don’t raise another round of funding at all (i.e. if the company gets acquired, hits profitability, or goes out of business). The key is to remove the complexity by trying to include these scenarios in your thinking prior to closing the seed financing. We suggest reading more about this from Jose Ancer on his insightful blog: Silicon Hills Lawyer. When they come with extra dilution and liquidation multiples: We touched on dilution in convertible note conversion earlier in this post, but they can also pose another challenge: liquidation multiples. Here’s a quick example on how a hidden liquidation multiple can surface with a convertible note: Let’s say an investor who gives us a convertible note worth $1M at a $10M valuation cap (more math to come later). If we raise a $20M seed round, this investor ends up owning roughly 10% of a company that is now worth $20M. They only paid $1M, but now are entitled to $2M in the event of a liquidation. This investor will now receive 2x what they paid in the event of an early liquidation that is worth less than the initial valuation. This is quite disadvantageous for the founder (and potentially other investors). You can avoid this situation by adding some additional language to your convertible notes – similar to this this paragraph suggested by Mark Suster (but consult your lawyer first). Related Resource: Everything You Should Know About Diluting Shares What the pros say: Many investors, such as Jason Lemkin, Fred Wilson, and many others have been critical of convertible notes. They would rather put a price on the company and believe that, due to their experience, they can negotiate a fair price quickly. They also argue that the valuation cap essentially puts a price on the company by default. If you’re willing to price your company, why not just raise the equity and avoid the headache that can come with the conversion? Jason Lemkin also argues that investors who invest with convertible debt are less incentivized to be involved early on. After all, they don’t yet have any control or stake in the company. To some investors, the complexity of convertible notes is not worth the time saved – it’s simply pushing important conversations down the road while exposing both sides of the table to unnecessary risk. Convertible Note Examples Let’s say you’re a founder of a seed stage company who just raised $1M via convertible note. The valuation cap is $10M and the discount rate is 20%. Then, you raise a Series A round 18 months later at a $20M valuation. If there are 1M shares outstanding, then new investors will pay $20 per share, while the investor who issued the convertible note will receive equity based on either a valuation cap or the discount – typically whichever is most advantageous for the investor on a price per share basis. Example 1 - If the note converts based only on the $10M valuation cap, then the $1M invested will convert into a $10 per share price vs a $20 per share price ($20/share multiplied by ($10M cap divided by $20M Series A valuation), turning the $1M investment into $2M in simple terms. The $1M investment will now convert into 100,000 shares. The seed investor will get an effective 50% discount on the shares ($10/share vs $20/share) and a 100% return on their investment. Example 2 — On the other hand, if the note converts at the 20% discount rate, the investor will be able to buy the shares for $16/share rather than $20/share. This would allow the investor to convert their $1M investment into 62,500 shares ($1M / $16/share) rather than 50,000 shares had they invested in the Series A. The $1M investment converts into equity worth 1.25M, a 25% return on their investment. In this case, the investor would convert the shares on the basis of the cap, because it provides better economics. The math works out similar to what would have happened had they simply invested $1M at a $10M post money valuation, but they did not have to bear as much risk as typical equity holders and likely got less dilution. The investor, in exchange for taking an early chance on a company, gets a better deal than those who came in later. This is an overly simple example of how a convertible note works, but it’s useful to see how the conversion math looks in practice. Looking for more resources on fundraising, investor updates, and navigating the unsteady waters of startups? Subscribe to our newsletter — The Visible Weekly, Curated resources and insights delivered every Thursday.

TL;DR — We are excited to announce Visible Connect, our investor database. Visible Connect uses first hand data and directly integrates to our Fundraising CRM. You can give Visible Connect a try here. Fundraising is a challenging, time consuming process for startups. One of those challenges is finding the right investors. Founders spend countless hours trying to understand: Is this investor active? What deals have they done recently? Will they lead? Take a board seat? What geographies do they invest in? What stages? What verticals? What size checks do they typically write? Have they raised a new fund recently? Do they have certain traction metrics or growth rates they like to see? The current patchwork of data sources & resources lack the founder first mentality, can be cost prohibitive and lack insightful data for founders who are fundraising. This isn’t a novel idea. Founder-friendly individuals who know the pain of fundraising consistently try to solve aspects of this problem with lists like Joe Floyd’s Emergence Enterprise CRM and Shai Goldman’s Sub $200M fund list. We believe these efforts should be coordinated and data aggregated for the benefit of founders everywhere. Introducing Visible Connect In the spirit of the Techstars #givefirst mentality, we are thrilled to announce Visible Connect. Our attempt at curating the best investor information in the world and opening it up as a resource for founders to derive investor insights and run more efficient fundraising processes. Visible Connect allows founders to find active investors using the fields we have found most valuable, including: Check size — minimum, max, and sweet spot Investment Geography — where a firm generally invests Board Seat — Determines the chances that an investment firm will take a board of directors seat in your startup/company. Traction Metrics — Show what metrics the Investing firm looks for when deciding whether or not to invest in the given startup/company. Verified — Shows whether or not the Investment Firm information was entered first-handed by a member of the firm or confirmed the data. And more! Visible Connect + Fundraising Pipelines Once you filter and find investors for your startup, simply add them to your Fundraising Pipeline in Visible to track and manage your progress (You can learn more about our Fundraising CRM here). We believe great outcomes happen when founders forge relationships with investors and potential investors. One of the benefits of the current system is that founders with options are forced to be thoughtful about who they reach out to. However, not all founders feel they have options. They need to know that they do. We believe Connect is not a tool for founders to ‘spray and pray’ or spam investors with template cold emails. There will be no contact emails provided on the database for this reason. We believe founders waste precious time trying to figure out investor fit and profile for their given stage when they could be spending that time building potentially fruitful relationships with the right investors. It should not be a core competency of a founder to understand all of the investment thesis for venture investors. Connect Data Sources We collect data in three principal ways: Primary information – Direct attestations from venture capitalists, accelerators and other investment firms about their business Secondary information – investor lists provided to us by venture capitalists (co-investors) or startup founders aggregated in the course of a fundraise or the ordinary course of business Public information – third party data sources that are not labeled as proprietary or have terms of use associated. These sources may include: deal flow newsletters, public lists and databases, social media posts, journalistic articles, and more We’d like to give special thanks to all the individuals who gave their time to build data sources used in the compilation of this ongoing project. The AllRaise Airtable of investors. All Raise is on a mission to accelerate the success of female founders and funders to build a more prosperous, equitable future. Data from the team at Diversity VC The Southeast Capital Landscape built by Embarc Collective, Modern Capital, Launch Tennessee, and HQ1 Joe Floyd and the Enterprise Fundraising CRM Shai Goldman and the Sub $200M VC fund list Crunchbase Open Data Map API NVCA’s membership database The Fundery’s Essential VC Database for Women Entrepreneurs Venturebeat’s NYC lead investor roster This public airtable aggregating investors who invest in underrepresented founders (anyone know who we can give credit to?) David Teten’s list of Revenue-based Investors (and Chris Harvey’s tweet about it) Tech In Chicago’s list of Chicago VCs Clay and Milk’s list of Midwestern VCs Brian Folmer of XRC Labs Nick Potts of Scriptdrop Ideagist’s list of accelerators and incubators in California Jason Corsello’s Future of Work Investors Dan Primack’s Pro Rata Newsletter (We manually enter this data daily) Evan Lonergan’s Excoastal (We manually enter this data weekly) Austin Wood’s Tech Between the Coasts (We manually enter this data weekly) We’re always looking to bring on more data sources, contributors and maintainers of the project. If you want to submit a data source or help contribute you can fill out this Airtable form.